紅龍果病毒病的研究現況

Abstract

紅龍果(Hylocereus spp.)英文為pitaya、pitahaya或dragon fruit，為仙人掌科(Cactaceae)三角柱屬之多年生攀緣性植物，原產於墨西哥及中南美洲熱帶雨林，喜高溫多濕之氣候，為近年來發展迅速之高價熱帶水果。目前商業栽培的紅龍果主要是以肉質狀三角莖進行無性扦插繁殖，雖可提供大量、品質一致、性狀穩定的種苗，但若繁殖用的母本遭受病毒為害，新繁殖的種苗也會帶有病毒。本系劉瑞芬教授研究室首先於2001年發表報告證實紅龍果遭受Potexvirus屬之仙人掌X病毒(Cactus virus X, CVX)所為害，並利用所獲得的CVX-Hu病毒分離株製備出抗血清，應用於DAS-ELISA檢測，同時完成CVX-Hu全長基因體之選殖與解序。農試所廖吉彥等人的調查指出，CVX普遍存在於台灣與金門田間栽種的紅龍果植株中，依地區不同感染率在50~90%之間。 Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.), also known as pitahaya or dragon fruit, is a perennial climbing epiphytic plant in the family of Cactaceae. This cactus plant is native to the forests of Mexico, Central and South America and is becoming a high-value tropical fruit crop in Taiwan. Commercially cultivated pitayas are mainly propagated from cuttings. If mother plants are infected with viruses, diseases can be spread easily. In 2001, the research team of Professor Ruey-Fen Liou at National Taiwan University (NTU) published the rst paper of pitaya-infecting virus, Cactus virus X (CVX) which is a member of the genus Potexvirus, in Taiwan. They puri ed a CVX-Hu isolate, prepared its antiserum and developed the DAS-ELISA for CVX detection. In addition, they cloned and completely sequenced the CVX-Hu isolate. Liao et al. at Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute performed a pitaya disease survey and the result indicated that CVX was widespread in the pitayas and the infection incidence ranged 50%~90% in di erent areas of Taiwan and Kinman.