內生菌根菌接種源量產技術開發：傳統式砂耕法繁殖體系之建立

Abstract

內生菌根菌(Vesicular-aibuscular mycorrhizal fungus, VAMF)證實與許多作物根系具有親和主，當VAMF感染作物根部形成內生菌根時，往往能產生有益效應，促進根群發育，增加根部對磷肥等要素之吸收能力，促進植株生長。惟內生菌根菌是一種活物寄生真菌，目前尚無法在文工培養基上大量繁殖，接種盆栽宿主植物繁殖內生菌根菌接種源是目前唯一可行途徑。除宿E外，土壤（栽培介質）因子、環境因子等亦可影響內生菌根菌之繁殖。本分所建立之內生菌根百接種源生產體系，分為三個步驟：（一）以多年生百喜草盆栽保存純種，（二）以盆栽玉米繁殖貝種，（三）以大型栽培床之玉米（或營多藤）大量繁殖內生菌根菌，經收集培養土（含宿主根長）風乾裝袋而成接種源。在實際應用上，採用苗期接種，培養洋香瓜內生菌根苗，當內生菌根苗移植於本田，即可將菌種帶到田間，發揮內生菌根之功能，表現其有益效應。 The vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus was proved to have the compatibility with root systems of many crops. Formation of VA mycorrhiza in root systems of crops infected by VAM fungus could arise beneficial effects, i.e. promoted the growth and development of root systems, increased the absorption of soil mineral elements, enhanced the top growth of crops. Up today, the common method for propagation of VA mycorrhizal fungi were pot culture because they were obligate symbionts. Factors affected the propagation of VA mycorrhizal fungi in pot culture included host plants, soil (culture media), and environment. We developed a procedure for propagation of VAM fungus inoculum as follows: 1. maintaining the pure VA mycorrhizal fungus in pot culture of bahiagrass, 2. propagation of VAM fungus in pot culture of corn, 3. mass production of VA mycorrhizal fungus inoculum in sand bed culture of corn or beggarhce, 4. air-drying and bagging the harvested culture soil including the segments of infected root systems of host plants and fungal chiamydospores. Method for application of VA mycorrhizal fungus to field was by transplanting mycorrhizal seedlings of muskmelon pre-inoculated with infested soil in plastic net house. When the mycorrhizal seedlings were transplanted to the field, mycorrhizal root systems could show beneficial effects to muskmelon production.