掃描式電子顯微鏡在農業昆蟲及蟎類鑑定之應用

Abstract

本文主要介紹應用掃描式電子顯微鏡 (scanning electron microscope, SEM) 研究昆蟲及蟎類的超微結構，在農業昆蟲及蟎類分類學、生理學、病理學等基礎研究具有重要意義。SEM在昆蟲超微結構的應用，涵蓋觸角感覺器、口器感覺器及微粒體之研究，在形態研究具分類鑑定意義，在行為研究可推知偏好性，在演化研究可推知演化趨勢。SEM 在蟎類鑑定應用方面，對微小蟎體的超微結構形態檢視、分類有極大幫助，特別在屬間和種間的分類提供更清楚的區分依據。菇蟎–木耳盧西蟎 (Luciaphorus auriculariae) 雌蟎的顎體內縮藏於軀體，在此提出可使顎體伸出於體軀外的方法，達到以SEM 檢視顎體表面微細構造之目的。隨著SEM 技術及周邊影像設備的進步，期能建立⼀關鍵害蟲、害蟎之SEM 影像資料庫，將有助於提升重要檢疫有害生物及新興有害生物的辨識能力。 The aim of this article is to introduce the application of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in the study of the ultrastructure of insects and mites, which is of great significance to the basic research of taxonomy, physiology, and pathology of agricultural insects and mites. The application of SEM in the ultrastructure of insects, including the study of antennal sensilla, mouthparts sensilla, and brochosomes. These structures have identification significance in taxonomy, preference, and function in behavior, and the evolutionary trend can be inferred in evolution. The identification and application of SEM on mites are of great help in the ultrastructural morphological examination and classification of microscopic mites, especially in the classification of genera and species, providing a clearer basis for differentiation. A mushroom mite, Luciaphorus auriculariae, the female's gnathosoma is retracted in the podosoma. This paper proposes a method to extend the mandible outside the body to observe the microstructure of the mandible surface by SEM. It is hoped that with the advancement of SEM technology and peripheral imaging equipment, establishing an SEM image database of key pests and mites will help to improve the ability to identify important quarantine and emerging pests in the field of quarantine prevention.