紅豆品種改良

Abstract

本紅豆雜交育種目的在選育豐產、質優、籽粒大、色澤佳、適合加工、結莢位高、適合機械收穫之優良新品種，以供農民秋裡作栽培。本年度（1）93 年秋作進行10 個組合雜交共獲得493 粒F1 種子，並於94 年春作培育其F1 世代。（2）93 年秋裡作計培育F2 及F4 世代各10 個組合，94 年春作計培育F3 世代10 個組合。（3）株行試驗，93 年秋裡作於F5 世代2,037 個品系中選出100 個優良品系。（4）第一年品系試驗計有100 品系參試，93 年秋作在籽粒產量方面,以D 組之KA89-07-229 品系之4,310kg/ha 表現最佳,較高雄8 號增產46.6%。在百粒重方面, 以D 組之KA89-05-305 品系之20.9 公克表現最佳,較高雄8 號增加3.0 公克。綜合評估選出KA89-07-229 等32 品系供94 年秋進行第二年品系試驗之材料。第二年品系試驗，在籽粒產量，A 組以KA88-04-134 品系之2,780 kg/ha 表現最佳，較高雄8 號增產36.8%;百粒重以KA88-04-14 品系之14.8 公克表現最佳，較高雄8 號增加2.6 公克。B 組以KA88-05-3品系之2,680kg/ha 表現最佳，較高雄8 號顯著增產13.3%;百粒重以KA88-05-11 品系之15.4公克表現最佳，較高雄8 號增加2.7 公克。（5）新品系區域試驗,高屏、嘉南地區3 處試驗平均結果，公頃產量有KA86-06-8 之2,902kg/ha 、KA86-07-86 之2,872kg/ha 表現最佳，較對照種高雄8 號之2,714kg/ha，分別增產6.9%及5.8%。百粒重以KA84-07-63 及KA84-02-277表現最佳,分別為22.2 公克 及21.8 公克較對照種高雄8 號增加5.2 公克及4.8 公克。 The purpose of adzuki bean breeding is to develop new cultivars with high yield, good quality, large seed, bright red seed for process and high pod site for mechanical harvest that were suitable for the cultivation in the south of Taiwan. The results was summarized as follow: 1) 493 F1 hybrid seeds were obtained from 10 cross combinations in the fall crop season of 2004 and were propagated in the spring crop season of 2004. 2) In the propagation and selection trials, bulk method was applied to propagating F2-F4 segregative generations in the fall crop season of 2004 and the spring crop of 2005, respectively. 2,674 superior single palnts in F4 generation were selected in the fall crop season of 2004. 3) In the plant-to-row trial, there were 100 fixed lines in F5 generation were selected depend on their performance in the fall crop season of 2004. 4) In the first-year lines trial, KA89-07-229, line of D group had the highest seed yield in the fall crop season of 2004 and it was 46.6% higher than check, Kaohsiung No. 8. Another line of D group, KA89-05-305 was 3 g higher 100-seed weight than check, Kaohsiung No. 8 in the fall crop season of 2004. In the second-year lines trial, KA88-04-134, line of A group had the highest seed yield in the fall crop season of 2004 and it was 36.8% higher than check, Kaohsiung No. 8. Another line of A group, KA88-04-14 had higher 100-seed weight and was 2.6 g higher than check. KA88-05-3, line of B group had the highest seed yield in the fall crop season of 2004 and it was 13.3% higher than the check. Another line of B group, KA88-05-11 had the higher 100-seed weight and it was 2.7 g higher than check. 5) In the first-year lines regional trails in the fall crop season of 2004. KA86-06-8 and KA86-07-86, two lines had the higher seed yield and they were 6.9% and 5.8% higher than check, Kaohsiung No. 8. Another two lines, KA84-07-63 and KA84 -02-277 were 5.2 g and 4.8 g higher 100-seed weight than check.