應用穗上發芽以知耐性基因之分子輔助選育概況

Abstract

臺灣地區第一期作水稻成熟末期易因滯留鋒面連續降雨，若干低休眠性水稻品種容易造成穗上發芽而造成產量與商品價值上的損失。雖品種具高休眠性可抑制穗上發芽發生，卻讓育苗作業在期作轉換間徒增種子預挫處理或秧苗整齊度下降；而穗上發芽耐受性係由多基因調控，且分蘗間與單穗內穎花依序開花長達一週，穎果發育成熟度與含水量易受環境影響而紛歧不均，造成僅仰賴外觀性狀選拔效率不彰。 The low dormancy rice varieties are predisposed to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) as a consequence of the continuous rainfall in the final period of the first cropping season causing serious loss on the yield and quality. Althought the high dormancy in some rice varieties can inhibit PHS, which still have some side effects during the conversion period of the cropping season, e.g. increasing the pre-treatment procedures of seedling nursery and decreasing the uniformity of sprouts.