絲瓜之育種行為研究

Abstract

臺彎絲瓜栽培品種目前可區分為三種：(1)臺灣短絲瓜，(2)普通絲瓜，(3)稜角絲瓜。其中臺灣短絲瓜與普通絲瓜，除果實大小，長短略有差別外，其餘各性狀及後代遺傳性狀之表現大致相同，推測臺灣短絲瓜可能為普通絲瓜之變種或品系間天然雜交種。臺灣短絲瓜、普通絲瓜和稜角絲瓜，在花器構造、開花時間、果實及種子形態上均有極大的差別。 臺灣絲瓜與普通絲瓜雜交親和性強，F1種子發芽率高。臺灣短絲瓜或普通絲瓜與稜角絲瓜雜交成功率低，種間親和性弱，F1種子發芽率低。 Cultivated varieties of Luffa spp. can be divided into 3 species : ( 1 ) Luffa depressa, ( 2 ) L. cylindrica, ( 3 ) L . acutangula. The characters and inheritances of L. depressa and L. cylindrica are quite similar except fruit shape and fruit size, so it may say L. depressa is a natural cross variety of L . cylindrica. L. depressa or L. cylindrica and L. acutangula have well-differentiated morphological characters. They differ in floral structure, time of anthesis, fruit and seed structures. L. depressa cross L. cylindrica can be obtained in either direction and high in F1 seed germination. L. cylindrica or L . depressa cross L. acutangula can be made with some difficulty-weak compatibility and low in F1 seed germination.