馬鈴薯種子繁殖栽培之研究－開花與結實

Abstract

馬鈴薯嫁接於蕃茄砧木，進行光照處理，植株每日接受光期17小時，約經一個月即能陸續開花，並且花期在40天以上，供試之馬鈴薯品系，其著果率均低，各品系花粉稔性有差異，試驗期間環境欠佳對結果不利。 以自然短日為對照，均顯示三種長日處理能促進馬鈴薯開花但效果差異不顯著，此三種長日處理以白熾燈延長自然短日至16小時、18小時，以及夜半45分鐘的黑夜中斷（night-break）農林一號與五峰三號兩栽培品種在自然短日（5 f.c. 以上的時數為12.6小時）下能少量開花，除Kennebec與Cardinal兩品種外其餘品種在短日照情形下均以嫁接株較未嫁接株開花早。 Grafted potatoes, given a total period of illumination of 17hr, were induced to flowering. The natural short daylength was supplemented by incandescent light. The percentage of fruit set of all lines was rather low. It might be due to unfavorable environmental factors as well as low male fertility. Four photoperiodic treatments were used to study their effects on flowering---16hr, 18hr, natural short day+45min night-break, and natural short day(12.5 hr.). All varieties flowered profusely under 16hr, 18hr, and 45min night break. No significant difference was observed among these three long day treatments. Under natural short day, only Nornin No. 1 and Wu-feng No. 3 flowered sparsely, and grafted plants flowered earlier than ungrafted ones except kennebec.