洋菇品種改良之研究(第二報)洋菇子實體不同孢子數擔子柄組成之研究

Abstract

一、自三孢與四孢擔子柄分別約佔43%與91%之兩種子體，均可分離獲得產生正常兩孢型子實體之單孢菌株，且經同擔子柄擔孢子之出菇與子實體擔子柄組成之調查，獲知使子實體不同孢子數擔子柄佔多數之遺傳因子共存於同一擔子柄內，而含有使子實體不同孢子數擔子柄佔多數之遺傳因子的不孕菌株，可相互癒合而出菇，顯示栽培臺灣推廣用洋菇菌株(#547)之單孢第四代(#N3)所出現之上述兩種子實體，係因該單孢後代本身所產生，而非外界污染所致。此現象支持栽培種洋菇與某些自然界發生之四孢型Agricus種有關係之可能性。 Direct single spore isolations from trisporic basidia of one sporophore with about 43%of trisporic basidia and from tetrasporic basidia of two sporophores with about 91% of tetrasporic basidia were done in this investigation. Both fertility and sporedness of each single spore isolate were determined. Mycelial fusion among infertile single spore isolates and estimation of the proportion of various spored basidia in sporophores produced by anastomosed cultures were also carried out. Single spore isolates with more than 90% of bisporic basidia in sporophores were found to be recoverable from the above two basidial types of sporophores and basidiopsores which and develop into different major basidial types of sporophores were found to be coexisted on the same basidium.