氣象因子對大豆幼株生長之影響
Other Title
Response of Soybean Growth to Climatic Factors in Early Growing Phase
Journal
中華農學會報
Journal Issue
新177
Pages
86-99
Date Issued
1997-03
Author(s)
Abstract
氣象環境是影響作物生產的重要變數，為瞭解各氣象因子相互之間對大豆(Glycine max L.)幼株生長的影響，乃於1994年在臺灣省農業試驗所農場以四個大豆品種－－KS1、K2、K3及KS10，進行週年栽培試驗，利用回歸分析探討氣象因子的綜合效應。試驗結果顯示三週齡大豆幼株，無論莖高、葉數、葉面積及乾物重，各栽植月份及品種間皆有顯著差異。以栽植月份而言，各生長性狀皆以夏季溫暖月份栽植者表現較佳，品種則以KS1、K2、K3表現較好，而KS10之莖高、葉面積及乾物重皆不及其他三個品種。進一步進行氣象因子對葉面積及植株乾物重的回歸分析，發現累積日射量的平方項是影響各大豆品種三週齡幼株葉面積與乾物重的主要氣象因子（淨F值分別為468與595）。此外，其他氣象因子，如累積雨量、平均風速、累積蒸發量、平均相對濕度與累積溫度的平方項對葉面積模式，以及累積雨量、平均風速與累積蒸發量對植株乾物重模式皆有顯著影響，惟淨F值皆＜40。累積溫度則由於與累積日射量的相關係數過高(r=0.927)，而隱匿在累積日射量之中。
Climatic factors are the predominant environmental variables in governing soybean (Glycine max L.) production, yet it is not clear how these variables interacting to affect seedling growth of soybean plants. The well-established seedlings provide population superiority in favor of later growth. Annual cultivation was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) to study growth response of soybeans to climatic effects in the early growing stage. Four common cultivars, Kaohsiung Selected 1 (KS1) and 10 (KS10) and Kaohsiung No. 2 (K2) and No. 3 (K3), were used. Results indicated a significant variation within planting months and cultivars in growth characters stem height, leaf number, leaf area, and dry matter accumulation. Warmer cropping seasons had better plant growth, especially KS1, K2 and K3. From regression analyses, it was shown that the square of cumulative irradiance during the early growth was the primary climatic factor determining leaf area expansion and dry matter accumulation. The partial F values were 468 and 595, respectively. Cumulative daily mean air temperature was strongly correlated (r=0.927) with irradiance and therefore be hidden from expression. Other climatic factors, such as cumulative precipitation, average wind speed and cumulative evaporation, were significantly importance in determining leaf area and plant dry matter accumulation in the regression formulae. But, their partial F values were less than 40.
Subjects
氣象因子
週年栽培
大豆幼株
生長
回歸分析
climatic factors
Annual cultivation
soybean seedling
growth
regression analysis
Publisher
中華農學會
Type
journal article