南黃薊馬之生殖機制 (Ⅱ). 孤雌與兩性生殖所產雄蟲之比較

Abstract

南黃薊馬（Thrips palmi Karny）孤雌與兩性生殖所產雄蟲之身長、觸角長、翅長、前胸剛毛間距、後足脛節長以及上述各長度與體長之比值均相同，且均於羽化後6小時卽具交尾能力。孤雌生殖所產雄蟲每日交尾次數較兩性生殖所產雄蟲多，尤以羽化後第2、6日為明顯。兩種生殖方式所產雄蟲之正常授精能力皆可維持至10日，與其交配之雌蟲所產子代雌雄比為2.60－2.35：1。孤雌生殖所產雄蟲水平爬行100cm需時4～18分鐘，垂直爬行相同距離需5～12分鐘。兩性生殖所產雄蟲水平爬行100cm需時4分30秒至20分以上，垂直爬行此距離則需4分30秒至16分，以後者之平均爬行速度較慢，且此種差異在水平分散時更為明顯。 Between the males of Thrips palmi Karny which were reproduced parthenogenetically and bisexually, no difference was observed on the body lengthes, antennal lengthes, distances between 2 posterior setae, lengthes of the hind tibia, and the ratios of such measurements to the body lengthes. The pre-copulation period of males, whether reproduced by virgin or mated mother, was about 6 hours. Males reproduced by virgin mothers copulated more frequently. This tendency is especially obvious on the 2nd and the 6th days after their emergence. Males reproduced both parthenogenetically and bisexually could supply sufficient amount of sperms after 10 days of continuously mating and kept a sex ratio of 2.06-1.35:1 in their offspring. The males reproduced parthenogenetically made 100cm horizontal movement within 4-18 minutes, and it took 5-12 minutes for the same distance of vertical movement. The males reproduced bisexually, required 4.5 to over 20 minutes and 4.5-16 minutes for horizontal and vertical movement, respectively. Males reproduced by virgin mothers were more active than the bisexually reproduced ones. This difference was more significant in horizontal than in vertical movement.