室內測試12 種環境友善資材對基徵草蛉 (Mallada basalis Walker) 及安平草蛉 (Mallada desjardinsi Navás) 之影響

Abstract

本研究於室內以浸泡方式測試10% 香茅精油微乳劑 (黴挫)、乳化葵花油、中和亞磷酸、石灰硫磺合劑、波爾多液、碳酸氫鉀、36% 肉桂精油微乳劑 (黑修羅)、40% 肉桂精油微乳劑 (炭無踪)、植物油混方、苦楝油、窄域油及蘇力菌等12 種生物農藥/免登記植物保護資材，對基徵草蛉 (Mallada basalis Walker) 與安平草蛉 (Mallada desjardinsi Navás) 的卵、幼蟲、蛹及成蟲之影響。試驗結果顯示10% 香茅精油微乳劑、中和亞磷酸、波爾多液、碳酸氫鉀、36% 肉桂精油微乳劑、40% 肉桂精油微乳劑、植物油混方及蘇力菌等8 種環境友善資材，對2 種草蛉卵、幼蟲、蛹及成蟲均無不利影響；然而窄域油、苦楝油、乳化葵花油及石灰硫磺合劑，對2 種草蛉之卵、1 齡幼蟲及蛹，顯著造成較對照組高之死亡率。基徵草蛉為政府補助農友購買天敵項目之一，而市售商品以卵片與幼蟲為主。依本試驗結果，農友於田區施用窄域油、苦楝油、乳化葵花油及石灰硫磺等資材時，要避免噴施到釋放的草蛉卵片與幼蟲。 This study demonstrated an indoor immersion method to test the impact of 12 biopesticides/non-registered environmentally friendly materials, including 10% citronella extract oil (Mold Stop), emulsified sunflower oil, neutralized phosphorous acid, lime sulfur mixture, Bordeaux mixture, potassium bicarbonate, 36% cinnamon extract oil microemulsifier (Black Asura), 40% cinnamon extract oil microemulsifier (Anthracnose Escape), plant oils mixture, neem oil, narrow-range oil, and Bacillus thuringiensis, on the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults stages of both lacewing species, Mallada basalis Walker, and Mallada desjardinsi Navás. The experimental results showed that eight environmentally friendly materials, including Mold Stop, neutralized phosphorous acid, Bordeaux mixture, potassium bicarbonate, Black Shura, Anthracnose Escape, plant oils mixture, and B. thuringiensis, had no adverse effects on the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of both lacewing species. However, narrow-range oil, neem oil, emulsified sunflower oil, and lime sulfur mixture significantly caused higher mortality rates in the eggs, first-instar larvae, and pupae of the two lacewing species compared to the control group. M. basalis is one of the government-subsidized projects for farmers to purchase natural enemies, and commercially available products mainly consist of egg cards and larvae. According to the results of this experiment, farmers should avoid applying narrow-range oil, neem oil, emulsified sunflower oil, and lime sulfur mixture in the field where lacewing egg cards and larvae are released.