Review of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) as a Sustainable Protein Source in Aquaculture: Nutritional Limitations and Improvement Strategies
Other Title
黑水虻 (Hermetia illucens) 作為水產養殖永續性蛋白質原料的綜述：營養限制與改善策略
Journal
台灣農業研究
Journal Volume
74
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
205
End Page
219
ISSN
2790-086X
Date Issued
2025-09-01
Author(s)
郭裔培
謝易叡
楊順德
Abstract
Fishmeal is the primary protein source in aquaculture feed; however, due to limitations in ma-rine resources, the global supply of fishmeal can no longer meet the rapidly growing demands of the aquaculture industry. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has the ability to efficiently convert inedi-ble organic by-products into protein and is considered a sustainable alternative to fishmeal. However, black soldier fly larvae fed on plant-based substrates often face the nutritional limitations of low pro-tein content and inadequate essential amino acids and fatty acids. These deficiencies may negatively impact fish growth performance, immune response, and flesh quality. Additionally, chitin, a major component of insect exoskeletons, has a controversial role in fish feed. While some studies indicate that chitin positively affects fish health, others have found that it acts as an anti-nutritional factor for certain fish species. This review evaluates the nutritional potential of black soldier fly meal in aqua-culture feed. The primary limiting amino acids in black soldier fly meal include arginine, isoleucine, lysine, and methionine, while the major limiting fatty acids are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and do-cosahexaenoic acid (DHA). To enhance the nutritional quality of black soldier fly larvae, this review focuses on analyzing their protein content, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, and the effects of chitin. Furthermore, potential improvement strategies, including defatting processes, substrate manipulation, and chitin removal, are discussed.
魚粉是水產養殖飼料中的主要蛋白質來源，然而由於捕撈資源的限制，全球魚粉供應量已無法滿足快速成長的水產養殖產業。黑水虻 (Hermetia illucens) 具有將不可食用的有機副產物高效率轉化為蛋白質的能力，被認為是一種永續性的魚粉替代蛋白。然而，使用植物性基質餵養的黑水虻常存在營養限制的問題，這些營養缺口可能對魚類的生長表現、免疫反應以及魚肉品質造成負面影響。此外，幾丁質作為昆蟲外殼的主要成分，在魚類飼料中的作用尚有爭議，部分研究指出幾丁質對魚類健康有正面效益，但另有研究發現幾丁質對某些魚種具有抗營養因子的效果。本綜述評估了黑水虻粉在水產養殖飼料中的營養潛力，黑水虻的主要限制性胺基酸包括精胺酸、異亮胺酸、賴胺酸及甲硫胺酸，而主要限制性脂肪酸為 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 與docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)。為了提升黑水虻幼蟲的營養品質，本文重點分析其蛋白質含量、胺基酸組成、脂肪酸組成及幾丁質的影響，並探討了脫脂處理、基質調控以及去除幾丁質等具發展潛力的改善策略。
Subjects
Black soldier fly
Aquaculture
Amino acid
Fatty acid
Chitin
黑水虻
水產養殖
胺基酸
脂肪酸
幾丁質
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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