Etiology and Fungicide Screening of Avocado Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Pseudoplagiostoma perseae
Other Title
酪梨葉斑病發生生態及藥劑篩選
Journal
台灣農業研究
Journal Volume
74
Journal Issue
4
Start Page
449
End Page
458
ISSN
2790-086X
Date Issued
2025-12-05
Author(s)
Abstract
Avocado leaf spot disease, caused by Pseudoplagiostoma perseae, is increasingly observed in avocado orchards across Taiwan. Despite its prevalence, limited information is available on disease dynamics and effective control measures. Field surveys conducted in this study revealed that disease severity peaks during the fall and winter, with disease decline occurring in spring. Laboratory assays showed that the optimal temperature for mycelial growth is 25℃, while the optimal temperature for spore germination ranges from 20℃ to 30℃. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that P. perseae induces characteristic pinpoint-like spots with yellow halos on the leaves of avocado cultivars ‘Hass’, ‘Pinkerton’, and ‘Tainung No.1 Tasty Red’ within 2 wk post-inoculation. Among the fungicides tested at 1 mg a.i. L-1, pyraclostrobin completely inhibited mycelial growth. In addition, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, fluopyram + trifloxystrobin, thiabendazole, and fluazinam completely suppressed spore germination at 1 mg a.i. L-1. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of P. perseae and provide guidance for the development of effective disease management strategies in avocado cultivation.
酪梨葉斑病由真菌 Pseudoplagiostoma perseae 所引起，是臺灣酪梨園中常見病害。然而，本病之發生趨勢及有效藥劑之相關知識目前仍十分有限。本研究中，田間調查結果顯示秋、冬兩季為本病好發季節，春天時罹病度則會降低。病原菌菌絲生長之最適溫度為 25℃，孢子發芽最適溫度則為 20–30℃。將病原菌接種於酪梨品種「哈斯」、「平克頓」、「台農一號紅甘」之葉片上，接種 2 wk 後葉片上出現具黃暈之針點斑病徵。藥劑試驗結果，在藥劑濃度 1 mg a.i. L-1 之條件下，百克敏可完全抑制菌絲生長，而亞托敏、百克敏、三氟敏、亞托待克利、三氟派瑞、腐絕及扶吉胺則可完全抑制孢子發芽。本研究之發現，有助於生產者擬定有效的防治策略。
Subjects
Avocado
Leaf spot
Pathogenicity
Temperature
Fungicide
酪梨
葉斑
病原性
溫度
殺菌劑
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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