茶樹葉層厚度與茶芽生育之關係

Abstract

冬季十二年生青心烏龍的葉片氮、磷、鉀含量分別約佔植株的25、15及25%；細枝則約佔15、13及12％。雖然經過深剪與細心培養一年後植株的採摘面，會由對照組的95公分縮減為55公分，然葉片的總鮮重量比對照組多出86%，其中又以10-20公分葉層所增加的比率最為顯著，超過對照組兩倍以上，大幅提高植株光合作用的總面積與葉層礦物養分總含量，從而恢復產量。增加葉層厚度，可提高冬、春茶的產量與毛茶精製率。其中春茶的產量與芽長、芽重及芽數均有關，而冬茶則與茶芽的數目關係最為明顯。由於中剪株的茶芽均較對照組長與重，因此節省55％的手探時間，且必要時亦可機採；作者建議春、冬季茶樹生產時，應保持20公分以上樹冠。 In winter, the total nitrogen, phosphate and potassium contents of a 12 year’s old Chin-Shin Oolong are 25, 15, 25% in leaves, and 15, 13, 12% in 1-year-old wood respectively. Although the plucking surface is reduced from 95 cm to 55 cm, after one year’s heave pruning, but the fresh weight of leaves increases 86%, and significantly triples in 10-20 cm layer of canopy. That enormously increases the total photosynthesis area and inorganic elements mass in leaves, and makes the yield no difference. The heavier the leaves layer is, the higher the yield and refining ratio become in spring and winter crops. The length, weight and number of tea buds contribute spring crop, but winter crop is ma] or by the number of tea buds. Because the tea bud is longer, heavier in the heavy pruning tea garden, we could save 55% labor harvesting time, and permit harvest by machine. The author suggests that it should maintain 20 cm leaves layer of canopy in spring and winter crop.