柳橙伸縮膜包裝貯藏之實用與效益探討

Abstract

柳橙貯藏以伸縮膜包裝，以往之試驗結果顯示腐爛率偏高，近年以加墊報紙改善後可大量降低腐爛率。本研究除了在南投、竹崎、斗六及水里地區進行包裝貯藏試驗之外，並以南投地區徐姓農戶進行效益評估。結果顯示1)適當的貯藏處理（以TBZ1000倍配合2,4-D 25ppm或TBZ 1000倍配合Benlate 3000倍浸漬涼乾），可使伸縮膜包裝貯藏在前2~3個月有良好的果實品質，和逐果套袋貯藏相似；但是第3-4個月起則較逐果套袋差，因此伸縮膜包裝的貯藏期限為2個月，逐果套袋約4個月。2)貯藏環境不良的農戶不適合伸縮膜包裝法。3)就貯藏成本估算，伸縮膜包裝可節省包裝工資10倍，節省包裝材料費5倍。以貯藏環境良好的農戶而言，2個月之短期貯藏若使用伸縮膜包裝法，可以降低變動性貯藏成本約70%；貯藏3個月則和逐果套袋包裝法相近；貯藏4個月伸縮膜包裝法由於高果腐率致使成本升高，因此較逐果套袋法不利。 For long term storage, ‘Liu-cheng’ (Citrus sinensis) fruit is usually packed individually with polyethylene(PE) bag. To save labor cost, film shrouded packaging was tested. Several boxs with citrus fruits were packed with stretching film in stead of individual fruit bagging. In this way, the labor cost for packaging can be lowered by more than 10 times. The cost for packing material can be lowered by more than 5 times. After 2 months storage, fruits with shrouded packaging had similar decay percentage as individual bagged packaging. The fruit qualities such as calyx freshness, total soluble solids content, titratable acidity and flavour were not significantly different in these two kinds of packaging. During 2 months storage, film shrouded packaging was more economic than individual bagged packaging. Storage of more than 3 months, higher percentage of fruit decay made it unfavourable in shrouded film package.