長形山藥之栽培與保鮮
Other Title
The Cultivation and Preservation of Long- shaped Yam
Journal
臺灣地區藥用植物資源之開發與利用學術研討會專刊
Pages
205-222
Date Issued
1995-04
Date
1995-04
Author(s)
黃鵬
范美玲
蔡淳瑩
Peng Hwang
Mei-Ling Fan
Chun-Ying Tsai
Abstract
長形山藥種植時期以4月為適，不可晚於5月，遲至6月定植者則產量銳減，而3月受氣候影響產量不穩定。種薯大小在10g至60g之間，產量隨種薯重量之增加而有升高之趨勢；不同部位之種薯，以利用頭段做種薯者較中段及尾段者萌芽為早，產量較高。栽培時以搭架配合畦面覆蓋產量高。
塊莖採收後氯化鈣處理可減輕山藥塊莖貯藏期間切口腐爛及失重情形之發生，但長形山藥各品種間，適當之氯化鈣處理濃度不盡相同。長形山藥塊莖貯藏期間使用PE膜或真空包裝均可有效地減少塊莖失重率，唯PE膜包裝者，會增加山藥塊莖的腐爛率，故長形山藥塊莖切塊後應採低溫真空包裝貯藏。而山藥塊莖削皮後最適當之處理為以0.05M檸檬酸浸泡一分鐘，再以真空包裝貯藏於5℃，則可維持櫃架壽命達30天以上。
April is recommended as the optimum planting date for long-shaped yam, and planting no later than middle May. The yield would reduced sharply if planted lately in June. The unstable yield, planted in March, was found due to climate. The yield increased as the weight of seed tuber increased from log to 60g. Planted with various sections of seed tuber, head section seed tuber sprouted earlier than middle or tail section, and got the maximum yield. For improving production, staking culture and mulching with straw are also recommended.
Soaking yam tubers in calcium chloride solution after harvest, the decrease in rotting rate and weight loss was found during storage. The optimum concentration of calcium chloride varied depending on cultivars. Less weight loss was found as tubers packed with PE film or vacuum packaging than unpacked. For PE film package inducing rotting, tubers stored at 5℃ with vacuum packaging is suggested. For prepeeling yam tubers, the treatment of soaking tubers in 0.05M citric acid solution for one minute, and then vacuum packaging is suggested. With the treatment, the shelf life could last to 30 days at 5℃.
Event(s)
臺灣地區藥用植物資源之開發與利用學術研討會
Proceeding of A Symposium on Development and Utilization of Resources of Medicinal Plants in Taiwan,
Subjects
山藥
塊莖
種植時期
覆蓋
保鮮
Yam
Dioscorea batatas
Tuber
Planting date
Mulching
Preservation
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
conference paper
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