馬鈴薯育種之現況

曹幸之; 鄧汀欽; 曾明懋; S.J. Tsao; T.C. Teng; M.M. Tseng

馬鈴薯育種之現況

Other Title

The Present Status of Variety Selection in Potato

Journal

根莖作物生產改進及加工利用研討會專刊

Part Of

農業試驗所特刊第45號

Pages

29-37

ISBN

957-00-4106-4

Date Issued

1994-06

Date

1994-06

Author(s)

曹幸之

鄧汀欽

曾明懋

S.J. Tsao

T.C. Teng

M.M. Tseng

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/3059

Abstract

選種用的馬鈴薯材料依其來源分成二類，歷年篩選結果分別敘述。第一類為亞洲蔬菜中心所提供的921品系（原育種目標為耐熱性），在農試所田區經數代繁殖及營養系選留，一些較不受毒素病為害之品系，經過品系試驗、區域試驗及示範栽培並配合病理人員之抗病性檢定後，選出一黃皮、黃肉、鮮食品質佳，對PVY病毒耐病性強之品系，於82年3月2日通過審查命名為台農一號。第二類為育種品系均為國際馬鈴薯中心提供之薯球族群：第一族群為對PVY病毒免疫性呈分離的薯球族群，經過一次接種PV-m（嵌紋）系統篩選以及五次田間篩選，在第六次種植前以ELISA偵測所保留種薯上之PVY-m，並淘汰47％的種薯，其餘薯球種植後僅8個品系共約3％的種薯再表現毒素病徵，顯示此類育種品系田間抗病性穩定。第二族群為具多種抗病性的分離薯球族群，除抗毒素病外，並有對晚疫病、早疫病及青枯病的抗病性，已經四次田間繁殖及篩選並曾以ELISA篩檢不帶PVY-m的種薯，淘汰44％的薯球後，其餘種薯再種植還有約15％的發病率。以上二薯球族群都有農藝性狀表現較優的品系，經初步田間重複試驗及調查，將繼續就抗病性，薯球產量及薯球比重等特性選育加工用品種。 This paper reports the variety selection tasks in potato conducted at Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) during the past decade. Breeding materials were categorized into two groups according to their original source and results obtained were separately described. The first group included 921 clones from the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, originally for trials of heat tolerance. The amount of clones decreased as the number of propagation cycles increased due to virus contarmination. Some clones performed well in terms of good tuber yield and insignificant virus infection. Selected clones underwent a series of variety and regional trials. With the confirmation of its resistance to PVY through serological tests, a clone with oval tubers of yellow skin and yellow flesh was registered as Tainung No. 1 on Mar 2, 1993. This variety is good for table use. The second group, introduced from the International Potato Center, was further divided into two subgroups. The first subgroup included 50 tuber families segregating for PVY resistance. After inoculating PVY-m at the time of first planting and additional five consecutive crops of screening, 53% of the tuber families were selected for PVY resistance by ELISA test. Only 3% of the selected families showed viral symptoms in later field trials. The second subgroup included 52 tuber families with multiple resistances to PVX, PVY, bacterial wilt, late blight, early blight, and potato leaf-roll virus either alone or in combination. Fifty-six percent of the tuber families were selected for their negative reaction to PVY after a series of field screening and ELISA test. However, 15 % of the selected families showed viral symptoms in the field. Clones with good traits and high tuber specific gravity were available in both subgroups. Based on the information secured, variety for both table-use and processing purposes could be selected in the near future with continuous efforts.

Event(s)

根莖作物生產改進及加工利用研討會

Proceeding of A Symposium on Root Crop Yield Improvement, Processing and Utilization in Taiwan

Subjects

抗病篩選

病毒抗性

馬鈴薯

Potato

Selection

virus resistance

Publisher

臺灣省農業試驗所嘉義農業試驗分所

Type

conference paper

File(s)

Name

publication_no45-5.pdf

Size

1.06 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):fae2ef53f019d2b015883e7f1fd12934