釀酒葡萄產期轉移秋季栽培試驗

Abstract

為降低旱季釀酒葡萄的酸度，本試驗將冬季葡萄產期調整到較溫暖的10-11月秋季生產，藉以促進呼吸作用，使果實內蘋果酸含量降低，又無雨季之憂，以生產糖度高、酸度適宜之釀酒葡萄。本試驗於74年去除春季花穗，並在掃描式電子顯微鏡下檢查新梢枝條花芽分化的情形，作為評估修剪節位之參考。74年與75年分別進行不同修剪時期（3/7，19/7，6/8和對照四處理）與不同修剪方法（摘葉修剪和不摘葉修剪處理）之秋季栽培試驗。 由掃描式電子顯微鏡檢查顯示，在第八節上方剪定最好。修剪時期愈早，則果實內蘋果酸含量愈低。不同修剪方法處理，則以不摘葉修剪者產量高於摘葉修剪者。 綜合試驗結果，秋季栽培以7月上旬至7月中旬進行不摘葉修剪，對品質與產量最為有利，亦即10月下旬至11月中旬採收的果實，品質與產量最高。 In order to decrease the acidity of winter crops of wine grape in Taiwan, this study has made to switch the harvest in October and November to make the fall production. Under the warmer fall season, the malic acid content in the berries would be reduced because of the higher respiration rate. And the fall crops was possible to make the superior quality of wine grape in Taiwan. First, the inflorescence of first crop was removed. Then, by means of Scanning Election Microscopy, the developmental stages of inflorescence primoderia in the latent bud was observated from 16/5 to 6/8 once every two weeks in 1985, to evaluate the position of pruning node. After that, different pruning period treatments (3/7, 19/7, 6/8 & CK) and different pruning method treatments (defaliation and undefoliation) were carried out to produce the fall crops in 1985 and 1986. It was showed that pruning on the eighth node was advantagous. The investigation data indicated the earlier pruned it is, the less malic acid in the berries will be; and the yield of undefoliation pruning treatment was higher than the defoliation pruning. Therefore suggestion was made that undefoliation pruning carried out during the early to middle of July was of advantage to quality and quantity. In other words, berries harvested in late October to middle November could be granted the better quality and the higher yield.