宜蘭縣低產及高產水田土壤理化性質之差異及低產水田之改良

Abstract

於民國69年及70年先後分析宜蘭縣六個主要水稻種植區之水田土壤，並調查當地農民之栽培管理方法，同時利用所採土壤做矽酸礦滓肥效盆栽試驗，以期瞭解各地區之土壤理化性質及栽培管理之差異與水稻產量間之關係，並提改進之道，綜合結果及建議如下： 1.本地區大部分為坋質壤土，土層薄，部分底土有石礫，CEC低，pH偏酸性，為增高表土CEC可施用有機肥料予以改進，盆栽試驗顯示矽酸曠滓對部分土壤有增產之效果。 2.蘭陽地區雨量多，部分地區易於積水，應繼續改善灌溉與排水系統。 3.農友在施肥、病蟲害之防治及農田之合理管理上，急需政府積極之輔導，建議迅速建立完整之農村狀況資料庫，以提供今後輔導及長期發展農村計劃之參考。 In order to understand the relationship between physical-chemical properties of the soils and the yield of rice crop, paddy soils sampled from six main rice planting districts of I-Lan province were analyzed and the methods of cultivation and management were investigated in 1980 and 1981 successively. In the meantime the pot experiment for the resonse of rice crop to silicate slags was also conducted with the same soils. The results and suggestion are shown as follows: 1. In these areas, the soils mostly belong to silty loam with thin plow layer, low CEC, low pH. The application of organic matter may probably increase the CEC. The rice crops positively respond to silicate slags in some low yield soils. 2. Because of high precipitation in Lan-Yang districts, parts of paddy fields easily accumulate water, the improvement of irrigation and drainage system should be continued. 3. The farmers urgently need to be assisted and guided in the ways of fertilization, prevention of diseases and insects, suitable managements Of fields etc. It is also important to establish the system of rural information as the reference of guidance and long term rural development in future.