台灣平地桃品種改良

Abstract

台灣桃樹栽培主要以高冷地為主，高山水蜜桃的生產易造成土壤侵蝕，農藥殘留與水源污染等問題。為解決這些問題，臺灣省農業試驗所近年積極從事平地水蜜桃的育種工作，其育種目標為育成低需冷量、低酸、果實生育日數短、大果、外觀鮮艷動人、品質好、果肉白色、溶質、離核的看桃與油桃新品種。針對這些育種目標，本文探討台灣桃樹栽培的起源與產業發展、當前育種目標、桃樹分類與種原分析、特殊性狀的遺傳與桃樹育種策略等。 The major peach production in Taiwan centers around high-land area which may cause soil erosion, chemical residue contamination and water pollution. Inorder to solve this problem, a peach breeding work was conducted by Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute. Peach breeding goals is to develop low chilling requirement, low acidity, short fruit development period, large, attractive, good quality, white-fleshed, melting freestone peach and nectarine cultivars. The origin and early development, modem breeding goals, distribution of peach germplasm, inheritance of some specific traits and breeding strategy has been reviewed and details have been discussed.