臺灣李育種

Abstract

為改善台灣李產期集中、酸度高、果粒小與果皮澀等品質不佳之缺點，農業試驗所自1998年開始，由國外引入一些低酸、大果、鮮食用李品種，由臺灣高冷地栽培的優良李品種，與本土低需冷量李品種如宜蘭李、杏菜李、花螺李、黃柑李、紅肉李等篩選適合雜交的親本進行雜交。目標在選育出適合在台灣中、低海拔地區種植之低需冷性、早熟、低酸、味甜且果粒中大型、自花親合之鮮食李新品種。目前由雜交後低初步篩選出22個優選品系，正持續進行生育調查與果實品質分析。 In order to solve the disadvantages of Taiwan local plum varieties, such as short harvest period, high acidity, and small fruit size, Taiwan agricultural Research institute began the plum breeding program since 1998. Some foreign elite plum cultivars with characteristics like low acidity and large fruit size were introduced, combining with previous introduced high-chill cultivars grown at high mountain area, were used as genetic material to improve the quality of local plum varieties. These cultivars were chosen as praents and crossed with local varieties, e. g. ‘Yilan’, ‘Singcai’, ‘Hualuo’, ‘Hianggan’, and ‘Hongrou’ plums. The breeding goals are to develop new cultivars with low chilling requirement, early maturing, low acidity, sweet flavor, and medium to large fruit size. Now twenty two good clones were selected from hybridization seedlings and further evaluation will be recorded for tree growth phenology and fruit quality.