氣象因子對台南白玉米族群農藝性狀之季節性變異的影響評估

張聖顯; 呂秀英; 陳成; Sheng-Hsien Chang; Hsiu-Ying Lu; Cheng Chen; 張聖顯;呂秀英;陳成; Sheng-Hsien Chang;Hsiu-Ying Lu;Cheng Chen

氣象因子對台南白玉米族群農藝性狀之季節性變異的影響評估

Other Title

Effects of Meteorological Factors on Seasonal Variation of Agronomic Characters in Tainan-White Maize Population

Journal

中華農業氣象

Journal Volume

9

Pages

37-48

Date Issued

2002

Date

2002

Author(s)

張聖顯

呂秀英

陳成

Sheng-Hsien Chang

Hsiu-Ying Lu

Cheng Chen

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/3457

Abstract

台南白玉米族群是在台鹊栽培超過90年以上的地方品種。本研究目的在探討台南白玉米族群15個農藝性狀在5個不同年份季節栽培下的變異性，並進而評估各種氣象因子對其農藝性狀的影輕程度。根據變方分析及多重比較，季節間之差異僅穂徑未達顯著，其他14個性狀則明顯受氣候環境不同而異，其中果穗性狀表現最穩定，子實性狀次之，植株性狀之變異最大。台南白玉米族群於低溫潮濕之冬季逆境下的雄德開花期和雌花吐絲期所受影—最鉅，均延後約60-70天，但與產量相關之穗重及子實重仍維持有近於所有季節總平均之表現。經由逐步迴歸分析結果，氣象因子對台南白玉米族群之植株性狀的迴歸模式解釋能力較高，其中以平均溫度及平均降水量之影響較大，且均不受有效積溫之顯著影響；生育後期性狀如果穗及子質性狀之迴歸模式解釋能力較低，但多少受到降水量負向影響，果穗性狀均未受到平均之溫度、日照時數及日射位之影響，子實性狀均未受到溫度及日照時數之影響。 Tainan-white (TNW) is a native maize population which has been cultivared for over 80 years in Taiwan. The objective of this study is to investiage the seasonal variation of 15 agronomic characters in TNW population planted under different 5 crop seasons, and further evulate the influences of meteorological factors on the agronomic characters. From the analysis of variance and multiple comparisons, all the agronomic characters of TNW population，except ear diameter, showed significant variation among crop seasons. The ear characters were most stable，and the kernel characters were the next. The plant characters had much variation among different crop seasons. For winter crop, the days to tasseling and days to silking were delayed about 60〜70 days by stress environment with lower temperature and higher precipitation，but the ear weight and kernel weight still closed to those averaged across crop seasons. From the stepwise regression analysis，the plant characters of TNW maize population were seriously affected by mean temperature and mean precipitation. And there was no significant influence by growing degree days. The ear and kernel characters were negatively affected by precipitation more or less. The influences of mean temperature, sunshine hours and solar radiation on ear characters, as well as the influences of temperature and sunshine hours on kernel characters were not significant.

Subjects

台南白

玉米

季節變異性

氣象因子

變異係數

逐步迴歸

Tainan-white

Maize

Seasonal variation

Meteorological factors

Coefficient of variance

Stepwise regression

Publisher

中華農業氣象學會

Type

journal article

File(s)

Name

9-37-48.pdf

Size

2.81 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

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