野生種大豆生長型式之研究

Abstract

本研究使用野生種及栽培種大豆為材料，於春秋兩作進行田間試驗，於生育期間調查乾物質累積及生長速率，比較野生種及栽培種大豆生長型式的差異，以及在不同栽培季節之表現，並討論對環境適應的能力。栽培種及一年生野生種大豆在生育初期之生長速率增加迅速，至生育後期則快速下降，其生長型式為短暫強勢型；而多年生野生種大豆的生長速率在生育初期增加缓慢，但生育後期依然直線上昇，顯示其生長曲線為持久強勢型。栽培種及一年生野生種之乾物質累積及生長速率於春秋兩作間差異甚大，而多年生野生種差異則較小，顯示多年生野生種對季節變化的反應較為穩定。 The objective of this study was to elucidate the growth pattern and the adaptability of Glycine spp. under different crop seasons. Eight wild and cultivated strains/varieties belonging to five Glycine spp. were cultivated in the spring and fall crop seasons of 1988. Characteristics of dry matte accumulation were measured at successive growth stages of the plants and growth rates were determined. The growth rate of cultivated varieties and annual wild strains increased rapidly in early growth stage, but declined markedly during the late developmental period. On the contrary, the initial growth rate of the perennial wild strains was low, while the rate increased significantly as the plants developed. Therefore it is suggested that the growth pattern for the cultivated varieties and annual wild strains be named as dash-vigor type, and the perennial wild strains as sustained-vigor type. The seasonal differences in the pattern of dry matter accumulation were more significant for the cultivated varieties and annual wild strains than for the perennial wild strains. It appeared that the perennial wild soybeans could adapt themselves to diverse habitats much better than the annual strains/varieties.