水稻品種間原生質體融合培養及植株再生
Other Title
Protoplast fusion, culture and plant regeneration between rice cultivars
Journal
中華農藝
Journal Volume
5
Journal Issue
1
Pages
81-90
Date Issued
1994-10-05
Date
1994-10-05
Author(s)
劉淑芬
曾東海
陳治官
劉麗飛
Shu-Fen Liu
Tung-Hai Tseng
Chih-Guan Chen
Li-Fei Liu
Abstract
本試驗的目的，在探討水稻原生質體融合、培養及植株之再生，並嘗試此法轉移細胞質雄不稔性之可行性。細胞質雄不稔性狀採用Reimei A之KR型，栽培種採用與KR型細胞質可親和的高雄141號，分別由成熟胚及未成熟胚誘導餅培養細胞，經酵素法分離縣質體，將兩者之肚質體用PEG法融合，並利用營養細胞锻養法促進其生長，再誘導植株再生，經克服原生質體培養與再生的困難後，獲得39株再生植株，陸绩移入土中栽培，經調查後發現，再生植株之株高、穗長、穗重及一粒穗數，均比親本植株減少。但是分蘗數、穗數有增加的趨勢，花粉異常率約達50-60%左右，所有植株均無法結實，這些特性較偏向於雄不檢性植株。本試驗以原生質質融合技術，可以不受傳統雜交育種的種間限制，探討細胞質與細胞核相互作用之基礎研究，並且將可實際應用於水稻的育種研究。
Rice production can be increased by utilizing hybrid vigor. Because rice is self-pollinated crop, the breeding of hybrid F1 needs tedious work of emascultation, which fortunately can be devoid by using male sterility of mother plant. In traditional breeding, the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) character was transferred by back cross which is time- and labor-consuming. This study is thus designed to examine possibility of transferring CMS by protoplast fusion method. KR type CMS of Reimei A was used. Cultivar, Kaoshung 141, which nuclei are compatible to the KR type of CMS cytoplasm, was used as nuclear donor. Protoplast were isolated from suspension culture cells derived from nature embryos of Reimei A and immature embryos of Kaoshung 141. Two sources of protoplasts were induced for fusion by PEG treatment, and then to culture and plant regeneration. At present, 39 plants were regenerated. The general agronomic characters and male sterility of regenerated plants were examined. It showed that all regenerated plants have lower plant height, panicle length, panicle weight and spikelet number per panicle than the parent rice plants. However, they are similar to CMS type plants as their tiller number and panicle number are increased, and all of them can not get seeds. From this study, it is expected to establish rice CMS transfer system through protoplast fusion technique, and to understand the relationship between nucleus and cytoplasm. Both of them are very useful for rice plant improvement.
Subjects
水稻
細胞質雄不稔
原生質體融合
Rice
Cytoplasmic male sterility
Protoplast fusion
Publisher
中華農藝學會
Type
journal article
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