抗稻熱病育種的新抗源

Abstract

臺灣水稻之抗病育種若欲達到對稻熱病具有穩定之抵抗性，必須從具有優良之抵抗性的材料開始。過去6年當中，在全世界水稻產區之150個地點試驗之結果，顯示從水稻品種IR 8與Tetep, Carreon, Tudakan及野生稻等單一或多種組合，經過雜交及重複回交之品種對稻熱病具有和原來品種（親木）相同程度之抵抗性。這些品種中像IR 1416-128-5-8，IR 4227-18-3-2，IR 4547-5-3-6，IR 4547-2-1-2，IR 13429-198-2等對褐飛蝨也具有抵抗性，另外IR 4547及其他一些品系對浮塵子，草狀矮化病，白葉枯病等其有多重抗性。除抵抗性之外，這些品系之農藝性狀及植物形態都比原來之品種優良，而且和品種IR 8非常相近。 Breeding for stable resistance to rice blast in Taiwan shall begin with good sources of resistance. Many rice lines developed from crosses and repeated back-crosses, between IR 8 and such varieties as Tetep, Carreon, Tadukan, etc. and wild rice Oryza nivara, singly or in combination for over ten years, have shown to possess high level of resistance as that of original varieties, in the 150 tests, in 6 years in all rice growing areas of the world. Several of these lines are also brown-hopper resistant, such as JR 1416-128-54, IR 4227-18-3-2, IR 4547-5-3-6, JR 4547-2-1-2, IR 13429-198-2, etc. and IR 4547 and few others are multiple resistant to leaf-hopper, grassy stunt virus, bacterial blight, etc. Besides their resistances, these lines are similar to IR 8 as to plant type and other agronomic traits, much better than that of original varieties.