氣象因素與植物病害流行關係之監測與分析

Abstract

本文主要探討有關氣象因素與植物病害流行之監測技術與其資料之分析。植物病害之監測方面，闡述病害定量與定性之屬性、評估之適期與頻率、病害評估之步驟、病害圖解與尺度、及遙感探測等問題。氣象因素之監測方面，綜述氣象變數之觀測，包括溫度、水分（相對濕度、葉面濕潤、雨、土壤水分）、風及輻射等。資料分析方面，介紹病勢進展曲線要素、始發病量(Yo)、傳染速率(r)、發病曲線下面積(AUDPC)及最高發病率(Ymax)之分析，以及經驗與迴歸模式之建構。 This paper contains reviews of monitoring of the meteorological factors and the plant disease epidemics in the field and also of analysis of their relationships. For monitoring of disease epidemics, attributes of disease, timing and frequency of assessment and procedures for disease assessment, such as disease diagrams and scales, as well as remote sensing, are included. For monitoring of the environment for epidemiological studies, measurements of meteorological variables are discussed, including temperature, moisture (relative humidity, leaf wetness, rain, and soil moisture), wind, and radiation. Temporal analysis of epidemics, i.e. description and comparison of disease progress curves, including initial disease (Yo), rate parameter (r), area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), maximum disease severity (Ymax) and development of forecasting models through a study of the relationships of weather variables and disease epidemics are elucidated.