局地之低溫氣象災害調查

Abstract

臺灣位居亞熱帶與熱帶交會處，每年冬季均受強大陸上極地冷氣團南下之影響，造成氣溫遽降，俗稱寒潮，每當強勁寒潮爆發，在臺灣中、北部平地或海拔稍高地區之農作物或養殖物常造成傷害，影響農村經濟甚大。本文針對局地低溫發生之機制，介紹利用地形圖與航空相片來推測霜害危險度之方法，以及利用儀器進行定點或移動觀測之方法，期能對農地微氣候之形成過程獲得更清楚的暸解。 Taiwan is located in the border between tropical and subtropical regions. Generally cold air moves southward from the Arctic Zone to bring down the air temperature in the winter season every year. Frequently such cold air movement, which induces a rapid temperature drop and is called cold wave, may cause serious damages to crops and aquiculture in the central and northern plains as well as in the highlands. Sometimes the outbreak of cold wave may bring about agricultural disaster and tremendous economic loss. This study focused on the mechanism of low temperature occurred in the local regions. Methods to predict the level of frost damage from topographical and aerial photography and instrumental measurements It is hoped that results from this study may provide further information to the understanding of microclimate of farm land.