寄接梨寒霜害防護方法

Abstract

梨為台灣重要之經濟果樹之一，栽培總面積近一萬公頃，其中以台中縣近六千公頃最多，為本省主要生產地區。寄接梨梨穗嫁接期在12月至l月，此期問適逢臺灣低溫期，接穗後初期若遇寒潮爆發，梨穗即發生寒霜害，造成果農嚴重的損失。本文從臺灣地區可能發生寒霜害的氣象環境與地形條件，以及梨園微氣象環境之熱通量傳輸路徑與防護措施分析等，分別進行說明，並以臺中縣東勢地區三種防護措施為例，分析其防護效果、設計上的優缺點及改進之道。 Grafted pear is one of the major fruits grown in Taiwan. Among the total planted area of about 10,000 ha, there are 6,000 ha in Taichung County. December and January are the coldest months in Taiwan and also the periods conducting grafting operation. The new buds and flowers could be severely damaged if strong cold air mass moved in during this period. In this paper, we discussed meteorological and topographical conditions favored for cold damages to occur. Heat transfer in the field and potential mitigation methods were also analyzed through micrometeorological measurements. The effects, advantages and disadvantages of three protection methods were also discussed based on the experiments conducted in Donshi, Taichung County.