國際糧食安全機制研究

陳威仲; Wei-Chung Chen

國際糧食安全機制研究

Other Title

A Study on International Food Security Mechanisms

Journal

因應氣候變遷及糧食安全之農業創新研究—103年度成果發表暨研討會論文集

Part Of

農業試驗所特刊第186號

Pages

12-23

ISBN

978-986-04-6408-5

Date Issued

2015-11

Date

2015-11

Author(s)

陳威仲

Wei-Chung Chen

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/3591

Abstract

研究問題與目的：氣候變遷導致糧食減產及天災頻仍，嚴重危害糧食安全。前者造成供需不平衡以及糧價大幅波動，後者則導致緊急應變以及短期糧食供應需求大增。本計畫藉由研析APEC 糧食安全行動，建構APEC 糧食緊急儲備機制 (AFERM)，推動我國與APEC 各經濟體共同合作，提升糧食系統的韌性與對天災的應變能力。研究方法：本計畫研析國際糧食安全機制架構與運作實例，並探討APEC 推動糧食安全之機制與策略，以掌握我國推動AFERM 倡議之決策環境，並據以擬定我國推動APEC 糧食儲備機制之運作設計及策略。本計畫除蒐集APEC 及相關國際組織文件外，並召開國內專家座談會，匯集各方意見，提出未來推動AFERM 之策略建議。研究發現： (一) 我國所提出的｢APEC 緊急糧食儲備機制｣ (AFERM) 倡議是一個亞太區域內因應天然災害的短期緊急糧食救援機制，且作為補充既有國際人道糧食救援計畫之第二道防線的虛擬糧食儲備區域網絡。AFERM 指導委員會將透過標準化的程序啟動援助機制，經由AFERM 經濟體提供需急難救助之經濟體有效確實的糧食救助。AFERM 機制已在亞太區域內受到重視，且AFERM 之原則與精神亦受到APEC 各經濟體的肯定，將成為促進亞太區域糧食安全的關鍵防護角色。 (二) 惟AFERM 的落實仍面臨以下挑戰：第一，糧食安全工作以促進農業部門永續發展，以及提升貿易與投資為主軸，糧食儲備機制角色逐漸淡化；第二，APEC 經濟體掌握糧食儲備之能力不足；第三，AFERM 機制牽涉到各經濟體需做出糧食捐助之政治承諾，不少經濟體仍未能凝聚其國內共識而持觀望態度；第四，糧食儲備機制具有穩定價格效果，部分經濟體關切對自由貿易之影響。 (三) 本研究建議AFERM 轉型方案「APEC 糧食緊急應變機制」：協助緊急應變工作的糧食救援行動，此舉可利用我國在PPFS 及EPWG 的優勢，並與APEC 正在推動的「救災人員與救濟物資通關便捷化倡議」 (Emergency Response Travel Facilitation, ERTF) 結合，探討APEC 各經濟體遭遇天然災害之標準作業程序、糧食出入境和通關之妨礙。 The Asia-Pacific region is particularly at risk of different types of natural disasters which result in reduced access and food intake. Moreover, vulnerability to natural disasters is often more critical to emerging economies and low-income groups. To address these emergency food security issues and in response to APEC Leaders’ instruction to build an open, inclusive partnership for the long-term food security of the Asia-Pacific region, Chinese Taipei has put forward the proposal on establishing an APEC Food Emergency Response Mechanism (AFERM). AFERM is designed to be a cooperative, self-managed, risk-sharing, non-trade-distorting and virtual multiple food stocks network for short-term humanitarian food aid. In times of natural disasters, AFERM is to be used as a targeted and fully-grant form of food relief from earmarked reserves (in-kind and/or in-cash) to be ledged by member economies. Serving as a second line of defense complementing the existing humanitarian food aid programs, AFERM allows for sufficient time to cooperate with humanitarian NGOs to deliver emergency food aids to meet the actual needs of the receiving economy. In so doing AFERMs would facilitate emergency food reliefs programs, enhance the resilience of the regional food system and contribute to long-term food security in the APEC region.

Event(s)

因應氣候變遷及糧食安全之農業創新研究 - 103年度成果發表暨研討會

Agricultural Innovation Studies for Coping with Climate Change and Food Security

Subjects

東協加三緊急稻米儲備機制

西非經濟共同體區域糧食儲備策略

APEC緊急糧食儲備機制

糧食儲備機制

緊急應變

(Asean-Plus-Three Emergence Rice Reserve, APTERR)

(Ecowas Regional Food Reserve Strategy, RFRS)

(Apec Food Emergency Reserve Mechanism, AFERM)

Publisher

農業試驗所

Type

conference paper

File(s)

Name

NO186-2.pdf

Size

703.74 KB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):c5c9ea952d557c24eed5c02e3ae4b7d4