吲哚乙酸(IAA)及硫酸對於十字花科蔬菜種子發芽影響試驗

Abstract

1. 本試驗應用之藥劑為吲哚乙酸( 3 -indoleacetic acid) 及硫酸，前者之供應濃度為 0.0001 ppm，0.00lppm，0.01ppm，0.lppm，1ppm，10ppm1，100ppm，1,000 ppm 等八種; 後者之濃度分為0.0001N，0.0005N，0.001N，0.005N，0.01及0.05N等六種，種子浸漬上述各濃度藥劑之時間分為3. 6.9及12小時，對照之種子以蒸餾水浸漬為比較，時間同上。

2. 本試驗所用之種子，為十字花科十種蔬菜種子，及結球甘藍，綠葉甘藍，球莖甘藍，鳳山白菜，花椰菜，油菜，芥菜，蘿蔔及瑞典蕪菁之種子。 3. 吲哚乙酸處理，對於球莖甘藍，結球白菜，鳳山白菜及瑞典蕪菁有增進發芽之功效，有效濃度自0 .001 ppm至10ppm ，因蔬菜種類，稍有參差。 供試各濃度，對於結球廿藍，綠葉甘藍，花椰菜，油菜，芥菜及蘿蔔，未有明顯反應。 4. 硫酸處理對於結球白菜，鳳山白菜及蘿蔔，顯有增進發芽之功效尤顯，此種濃度對於結球白菜有促進提早發芽之效。高濃度如 0.01N 及 0.05N 有得發芽。 。供試各濃度，對於花椰菜，油菜及芥菜等，未有促進發芽之效。高濃度亦顯示損害其發芽。 5. 藥葉浸漬種子後，對於種子發芽發育生長之關係觀察結果，吲哚乙酸上述各有效濃度處理於球莖甘藍，結球白菜，鳳山白菜及瑞典蕪菁種子，俟發芽後與對照組發芽種子，同時種植園園中經八十日(鳳山白菜經五十日)，採收記載，未有明顯差別，可知該樹種濃度處理於上述種子，可增進其發芽率而無不良之影響。 6.硫酸各有效濃度處理於白菜及蘿蔔種子，發芽種植後與對照組比較，亦無發育優劣之分別，可證其無不良之影響。 誌謝:本試驗承植物生理試驗室許博文、高化吉君協助，僅此至謝。 Studies were made in the plant physiological laboratory and vegetable garden of the lnstitute of Agriculture in Pintung Taiwan from September 1st to November 23th in 1962. to find out the favorable concentrations of 3-indoleacetic acid and sulfuric acid for the germination treatments of 10 kinds of vegetable seeds of cruciferae.

The concentrations which used for 3-indoleacetic acid were 0.001ppm, 0.00lppm, 0.01ppm. 0.lppm. 1ppm, 10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 1.000 ppm; for sulfuric acid were 0.000lN. 0.0005N, 0.00lN, 0.005N, 0.01N and 0.05N. Seeds were soaking for 3. 6 , 9 and 12 hours separately. The germinators were glass germinating dishes and filled with moist cotton. 100 Seeds were used for one treatment in one dish. Ten kinds o f vegetable seeds of cruciferae f or test were as follow: (.1) Cabbage: Var. Sun-chi mid:season (2) Kale: Var . Taiwan He-su native (3) Kohl-rabi: Var. King-yet-wu (4) Pe-tsai: Var. Shan-tung late (5) Pa k-choi: Var. Fun-c heng (6) Cauliflower: Var . Mid-late nutive (7) Rupe : Var. Eighty days (8) Mustard: Var. Been-yan-lo-cha (9) Radish: Var. Tung-gua-loi (10) Rutabaga: Va,r . Purple-top yellow Above seeds were being stored in air- tight cans in common room for one and a half year before used for this test. The results obtained were as follow: 1. 3-indoleacetic acid treatments showed significant increase in percentage o f germination of kohl-rabi, Pe-tsai, Pak-choi and rutabaga. The effective concentrations varied from 0.0001ppm to 10 ppm, as shown in above figure 1-4. All treatments of indoleacetic acid showed neither harmful nor stimulatory effects on cabbage, kale, cauliflower, rape. mustard and radish. 2. Sulfuric acid 0.0001N to 0.001N low conentralions caused good effect on percentage of germination of Pe-tsi, Pak-choi and radish as showed. in above figure 5-7. They also increased the initial rate of germination of Pe-tsai. High Concentrations. 0.01N and O.05N caused inhibition of germination. All concentrations applied showed no good effect on cauliflower, rape and mustard. High concentrations also caused harmful effect on germination for all of them.

3 . Above mentioned effective concentrations applied to the seeds of kohl-rabi, Pe-tsai, Pak-choi . rutabaga and radish showed no harmful effect of growing after the of sowing those sowing treated seeds in the garden during a period of eighty days (except Pak-choi harvested during fifty days of growing).