柑桔砧穗之親和性與癒合組織形成能力之研究
Other Title
Studies on the Congeniality and Callus Formation of the Grafted Citrus Fruit Trees
Journal
中國園藝
Journal Volume
14
Journal Issue
1-2
Pages
71-100
Date Issued
1968-04
Date
1968
Author(s)
翁仁祿
J. L. Weng
Abstract
本省主要栽培柑桔品種椪柑、桶柑、印子柑、晚俞西亞、早生溫州及金柑與現有砧木廣東㰀檬、枳殻、酸桔及苦柚間之親和力，由形態及接木部癒和組織形成能力方面加以研究。
(1)廣東㰀檬：樹勢強健，接木後可使株高、地上地下部全重、葉面積等顯著增加。惟由於再生力創傷細胞之分裂迅速，獨自完成癒傷組織，與接穗部之維管束系連絡(Vascular Connection)欠佳。僅對金柑親和性較好。
(2)枳殼：不適於冬季氣溫較高之本省氣候下生長。接木後生長頗爲遲鈍，癒合組織之形成能力甚低，砧木易由先端沿切面向下枯乾，接合狀態脆弱隨時有脫臼或劈裂之可能。僅在無適當砧木之現況下，勉強可作早生溫州砧木。
(3)酸桔：爲本省自古以來之柑桔砧木，與品種間之親和力均佳，砧穗之癒合狀態良好，兩者之生長速度一致，維管束系連絡甚佳。僅對早生溫州親和性較劣，中央部分裂癒合組織頗脆弱。
(4)苦柚：強健之實生苗經接木後由於組織之不同，砧穗均無法得完全發育，對各品種之親和性均劣，不適合作爲上述柑桔品種之砧木。
The most important commercial varieties of citrus fruit grown in
Taiwan, namely: Ponkan, Tankan, Golden Seal orange, Valencia orange, Wase Satsuma mandarin and Kumquat were grafted on Rangpur lime, Trifoliate orange, Sunki and pummelo rootstocks with a total of twenty-four combinations. Using the grafted nursery trees of those combinations, their congeniality growth rate, morphological features and characteristics of callus formation on the graft union were examined. Resuts are made as follows:
1. Rangpur lime rootstock: Nursery trees which grafted on this rootstock showed great vigor, rapid growth rate and speedy increase in the plant height, shoot and root weight as well as in the total leaf area of each tree. However, owing to its highly ability oi tissue regeneration and the rapid division of cells on the wound areas, callus was quickly formed by the rootstock's tissue itself on the graft union and, therefore, the plant has poor vascular connection between rootstock and the scion. It was found that the rootstock is only fairly
congenial to kumquat and less congenial to other citrus varieties tested.
2. Trifoliate orange rootstock: Trifoliate orange was considered not highly adaptable to the sub-tropical climate of Taiwan where the winter temperature remains high. Citrus nursery trees grafted on this kind of rootstock grew very slowly and had poor callus formation on the graft union. What is worse, the tissues of rootstock easily die back downward from the cut surface made in grafting, and hence causing very loose connection between the scion and the rootstock on the graft union. No wonder that breakage occurs easily on the union when tension forms by typhoon or other mechanical pressure. It is found that trifoliate orange can only be used as a rootstock
for Wase satsuma mandarin in the absence of a more desirable rootstock.
3. Sunki rootstock: Sunki has been extensively used as a rootstock for many citrus varieties for decades in Taiwan. It is found highly congenial to almost all scion varieties tested. There is a well formed graft union on the grafted tree. The growth rates of both scion and rootstock seem identical, and the vascular connection between them is also good. The only exception is that when it is grafted to the Wase Satsuma mandarin, the central part of the graft union has a loose connection and a gap, and hence they are considered less congenial.
4. Pummelo rootstock: Pummelo seedlings grow vigorously in the field. But when they are grafted to the above-listed scion varieties, the trees do not grow normally owing to the difference between each other's tissue. Therefore, it is considered that pummelo is not congenial to these scion varieties and cannot be used as a rootstock.
Subjects
砧木
接穗
維管束系連絡
rootstock
scion
vascular connection
Publisher
臺灣園藝學會
Type
journal article
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