栽培管理技術應用於植物病害防治
Other Title
The cultural methods for crop disease control
Start Page
201
End Page
216
ISBN
978-986-00-7494-9
986-00-7494-1
Date Issued
2006-12
Date
2006-12
Author(s)
Abstract
欲利用栽培管理技術來防治病害，首要之務當了解所栽培作物的園藝特性，再瞭解病原菌的基本生物特性、生態與發病條件，才能具備基本概念來針對病害施以適當的栽培管理措施，以降低病害的發生。作物栽培之初，選用無病原或抗病種苗或抗病品種為預防病害發生的首要措施，爾後如前期作物之殘體及罹病株之處理、雜草與中間寄主防除、整枝修剪保持通風等田間衛生工作為減少病害發生之重要管理原則；栽培過程中的施肥與田間水分管理均會影響病害發生，針對該作物的生長需求與病原菌感染發病的特性做適度調整以減輕病害。其他如利用溫網室等園藝設施、果實套袋及地面覆蓋或草生栽培或，隔離易發病的環境條件以減少某些病原菌感染的機會；無土離地栽培以減少土傳病原菌的感染機會，或育苗來避開幼苗易受感染的病害；採用輪作制度，特別是與水稻輪件可降低土壤中病原菌的族族，亦可尋找新植地以避開某些難防治的土傳病害，或選擇適當的季節種植及改變耕作方式讓病害不易發生；利用良善的栽培管理技術為一符合傳統而不失實用性的作物病害防治方法，這些方法可以達到避開病原菌、減少病原族羣或降低病原傳播速率的效果，若於耕種之際將這些管理措施一併考慮到防治病害的問題，當可收事半功倍之效。
In order to make use of culture skill to control the crops diseases, primary affair is to understand the horticulture characteristics of the cultivated crops, then the basic biological characteristic, ecology of pathogens and the environmental condition of the disease emergency. Select resistant varieties and pathogen-free seeds or seedlings for planting will reduced the primary inoculum of the pathogens. During the planting period, host eradication (include alternative hosts, or weeds), field sanitation are the most important concepts for disease control. Suitable fertilize and water management not only improve crops health, but also create conditions unfavorable to the pathogens. Horticultural structure (net houses, greenhouses or fruit-bagging) or soil less cultivation could protect the crop from the infection of the pathogens. Crop rotation will reduce the soil-born pathogens population in the soil; especially rotate with rice in Taiwan. If crop rotation is not enough for pathogen reduction, select new field or different cultural season are other choices.
Event(s)
符合安全農業之病害防治新技術研討會
Proceedings of/ the Symposium on New Techniques for Control of Plant Diseases in Safe Agricultural System
Subjects
栽培管理
植物病害防治
cultural methods
disease control
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
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栽培管理技術應用於作物病害防治.pdf
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