利用栽培技術防治瓜類作物土壤傳播性病害
Other Title
Using Cultivation Practices in Soil-borne Disease Management of Cucurbitaceous Plants
Journal
節能減碳與作物病害管理研討會專刊
Part Of
農業試驗所特刊第133號
Pages
175-191
ISBN
978-986-01-6717-7
Date Issued
2008-12
Date
2008-12
Abstract
瓜類作物之間存在有嫁接親和性，而且各種尖鐮胞萎凋病菌（Fusarium oxysporum）對其寄主又有專一性，因此嫁接苦瓜不但成功的防治苦瓜萎凋病（F. oxysporum f. sp. momordicae），並使苦瓜每公頃產量高達61-127 公噸，而實生苗苦瓜每公頃產量是0-24 公噸。此外，將苦瓜1：1 頂劈嫁接苗放在20℃的生長條件下保濕處理，即可避免嫁接苗苗枯病、嫁接苗立枯病與日燒症的發生。絲瓜在低溫環境下種植，植株會發生生長不良與猝死的絲瓜萎凋病苗期病徵，若採取晚植措施，即可避開本階段病徵的發生。而絲瓜萎凋病菌（F. oxysporum f. sp. luffae）可能有生理小種的分化，利用絲瓜共砧或可減少絲瓜萎凋病。洋香瓜黑點根腐病主要會在採收前2 星期產生急速萎凋病徵，嚴重影響洋香瓜果實品質，採用耐病的南瓜當根砧，嫁接株雖會被Monosporascus cannonballus 感染，但是嫁接株有較少的急速萎凋病徵產生，使農民仍可收穫高品質的洋香瓜。
Grafting compatibility and host specificity of Fusarium oxysporum commonly exist among different species of cucurbitaceous plants. Bitter gourd grafts not only control Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp momordicae but increase the bitter gourd yield to 61 to 127 tons per hectare In contrast, the non-grafted bitter gourd only gave a yield from none to 24 tons per hectare. Others, let 1:1 seedling grafts were incubated in 20oC and wetting condition, the diseases caused by Alternaria alternate f. sp. cucubitae and Rhizoctonia solani and sunscald could be escaped. Under low temperature condition, loofah plants may appear symptoms of ill growth and sudden death, which were the seedling symptoms of Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum f. sp. luffae). So, delaying loofah transplanting date, these symptoms will vanish. On the other hand, F. oxysporum f. sp. luffae may have differentiation in races. By using resistant/tolerant loofah as rootstock, this disease will be reduced. The sudden wilt of root rot/vine decline of muskmelon appeared 2 weeks before harvesting, and this symptom seriously affected fruit quality of muskmelon. By using squash as rootstock, although the grafts were infected by Monosporascus cannonballus, the sudden wilt was reduced, and high quality fruits of muskmelon were available.
Event(s)
節能減碳與作物病害管理研討會
Proceedings of Symposium on Plant Disease Management in the Era of Energy-Saving and Carbon Reduction
Subjects
苦瓜萎凋病
絲瓜萎凋病
洋香瓜黑點根腐病
嫁接
Fusarium wilt of bitter gourd
Fuasium wilt of loofah
root rot/vine decline of muskmelon
grafting
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
conference paper
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