菇菌分子農場研發進展與市場展望

Abstract

菇菌產業在世界各國均屬高產值精緻農業，也是少數市場需求能以3-10 ％年複合成長率穩定增加的經濟作物。目前在全球的銷售值約達280-300億美元，其生產潛力和市場價值均不容忽視。分子農場在一般係指以植物生產具有醫藥或商業價值之產物的技術平台。菇菌類分子農場是建立在植物分子農場的既有優勢，利用食用菇種富含蛋白質（佔菇體乾重19-35％）、具有微生物生長快速、比植物更接近動物的蛋白質轉譯後修飾作用，且栽培環境條件易於控制等等諸多優勢，成為發展分子農場的最佳平台。就菇菌產業而言，分子農場無論在品種改良、專利菇種開發、美容醫療用蛋白質的生產製造上都具有明顯的競爭力，可為國內菇菌產業開展更多元的應用、促進實際產值產量的成長。 The mushroom industry is the quality agriculture with a high output value worldwide. The estimated compound annual growth rate of mushrooms can reach 3% to 10%. In addition, the global market sales of mushroom are about US$ 28 to 30 billion each year, suggesting its potential in production and market values are a highly noticeable issue. Molecular pharming refers to the use of genetically engineered plants or crops to produce recombinant pharmaceutical or industrial proteins. The mushroom molecular pharming equips not only the advantages of plant molecular pharming, but also exists the strength of edible mushrooms, such as fast growth, high protein content, a closer form of post-translational modification to mammals than that of plants, and an environmentally controlled close system to prevent mushrooms from gene contamination. Based upon above reasons, the mushroom is an excellence platform for heterologous protein expression. Therefore, the development of mushroom molecular pharming provides the mushroom industries with applications of breed improvement, patent strain development and production of pharmaceutical protein, as well as the enhancement of market values productivity.