六種香菇品系乾燥子實體特性及品質之研究

Abstract

‘S271’、‘黑早G271’、‘黑金剛Ds271’、‘921’、‘申香2號’與‘武香2號’等6個香菇品系子實體採收修整後，經過50-65℃乾燥20小時後，測定其乾燥子實體特性、色澤及官能品評。6個香菇品系子實體之直徑在未乾燥前為51.4-58.1 mm，乾燥後為38.5-43.0 mm，以‘921’品系為最大，‘黑早G271’為最小。厚度在未乾燥前為23.9-37.3 mm，乾燥後為12.0-22.5 mm，以‘黑金剛Ds271’品系為最厚，‘新香二號’品系為最薄。子實體重量在未乾燥前為8.8-21.6 g，乾燥後為1.2-2.5 g，以‘黑金剛Ds271’品系及‘S271’品系為最重，‘新香二號’品系及‘武香二號’品系為最輕。乾燥菇體直徑、厚度及重量為新鮮子實體的69.4-78.3 %、50.0-62.7 %及11.5-15.1 %。以‘黑金剛Ds271’品系菌傘直徑及重量百分率為最低，‘921’品系直徑百分率為最高，而厚度百分率以‘黑早G271’品系為最高，‘申香2號’品系為最低，菇體重量百分率以‘武香2號’品系為最高。‘S271’、‘黑早G271’與‘黑金剛Ds271’等品系之香菇菌傘色澤較‘921’、‘申香2號’與‘武香2號’等品系為較深， 6個品系乾燥香菇之菌褶以‘黑金剛Ds271’品系較偏紅，‘S271’品系的各項官能品評整體表現則優於其他品系，其次為‘黑金剛Ds271’品系。 Six shiitake mushroom lines (Lentinula edodes‘S271’,‘G271’,‘Ds271’, ‘921’‘Shi-Shiang No.2’and‘Wu-Shing No.2’) were harvested， trimmed， and dried at 50-65℃for 20 hours. After drying，the dried mushroom were test for characteristics, color and sensory assessment. The diameter of fruiting bodies in 6 shiitake mushroom lines were 51.4-58.1mm before drying and 38.5-43.0mm after drying. The line‘921’were the biggest , line‘G271’were the smallest. The thickness of fruiting bodies in 6 shiitake mushroom lines were 23.9-37.3mm before drying and 12.0-22.5mm after drying. The line‘Ds271’were the thickest, line‘Shi-Shiang No.2’were the thinnest. The weight of fruiting bodies in 6 shiitake mushroom lines were 8.8-21.6g before drying and 1.2-2.5g after drying. The line‘Ds271’and line‘S271’were the best and heavier, line ‘Shi-Shiang No.2’ and line ‘Wu-Shing No.2’were the worst and lighter. The diameter， thickness and weight of pileus in 6 shiitake mushroom lines were reduced to 69.4-78.3%，50.0-62.7% and 11.5-15.1%. Shiitake lines‘Ds271’had the lowest percentage in diameter and weight，but line ‘921’had the highest percentage in diameter. About the thickness percentage of line ‘G271’ was the highest , and line ‘Shi-Shiang No.2’ was the lowest . The weight percentage of line ‘Wu-Shing No.2’ was also the highest ， line ‘Ds271’ was the lowest . Three shiitake mushroom lines（such as ‘S271’， ‘G271’and ‘Ds271’） had darker color of pileus than lines ‘921’， ‘Shi-Shiang No.2’ and ‘Wu-Shing No.2’. The color of gills was very close to red in line ‘Ds271’. The expression of total sensory assessment of shiitake line ‘S271’ was the best，and line ‘Ds271’ was the next.