Utilization of some chemical compounds for quality control of Antrodia cinnammomea products

Abstract

Using 10 known components in Antrodia cinnamomea including 5 ergostanes (antcins C and K, and zhankuic acids A, B, and C), 4 lanostanes (sulphurenic acid, dehydrosulphurenic acid, eburicoic acid, and dehydroeburicoic acid), and 1 monophenyl (4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole) as standards, mycelia and basidiomes of A. cinnamomea was differentiated in this study. Natural basidiomes collected from wood of Cinnamomum kanehirai in natural forests and cultured basidiomes grown on potato dextrose agar medium contained all 10 test components. However, natural mycelia collected from the wood of C. kanehirai in a natural forest and liquid/solid cultured mycelia grown on potato dextrose broth/potato dextrose agar media contained the 4 lanostanes and 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole but not the 5 ergostanes. These results indicate that the production of ergostanes is related to basidiomatal formation of A. cinnamomea, but is not related to the substrate on which the organism is grown. 牛樟芝是台灣特有保健藥用菇菌，民間傳說牛樟芝的療效均以野生菇體為材料。但由於菇體不易採得及培養，近年來以培養菌絲體為材料的商品也大行其道，並引用野生菇體的療效。這裡就存在一個問題，菇體與菌絲體的成份是否相同？本文則以野生菇體、野生菌絲體、人工培養菇體及人工培養菌絲體為材料，進行成分分析，並以10種牛樟芝較特別的成份 (以三類為主) 為指標成份進行比較，其中包括五種麥角甾烷三類 (ergostanes: antcins C, K, zhankuic acids A, B, C)四種四種羊毛甾烷三類（lanostanes: sulphurenic acid, dehydrosulphurenic acid, eburicoic acid, dehydroeburicoic acid），和一種單苯基類（monophenyl: 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole）當標準成分，比較天然牛樟芝子實體與菌絲體，和人工培養子實體與菌絲體的成分差異。採自生長牛樟木材之天然子實體興培養於馬鈴薯葡萄糖洋菜（PDA）培養基產生的子實體，均可檢測出上述十種化合物，然而，採自生長在牛樟木材之天然菌絲體與人工固態與液態培養之菌絲體只能產生上述四種羊毛甾烷三類和一種單酚類化合物，但不能產生五種麥角甾烷三類。結果顯示，麥角甾烷三類的產生似乎與牛樟芝子實體的形成有相關性，但與子實體生長的基質沒有關係，因為天然子實體生長於牛樟木材，而人工培養子實體則生長於不含任何牛樟木材成分的培養基上。