臺灣葡萄汁液傳播性病毒病之發生

Abstract

經5 年採集並利用汁液接種草本檢定植物，檢定本省葡萄呈現黃斑型病徵之病害標本，並經單斑分離得到5個病毒分離株；其中2個病毒分離株與TmRSV抗血清有正反應，且利用電子顯微鏡觀察病株粗汁液與組織切片時，均發現直徑26~30mm之球型病毒，顯示此分離株為TmRSV之系統。以G614病毒分離株接種在Nicotiana benthamiana植株上，進行純化，並製得G614病毒抗血清。利用ELISA測定自田間採集的430株疑似病毒病株，發現有4%的病株與G614抗血清反應，10.7%的病株與TmRSV抗血清反應，17.4%的病株與GFLV抗血清反應，8.4%的病株與GBLV抗血清反應。另自中部葡萄田逢機調查的1742株樣品中，發現有13.8%的樣品呈現可疑黃斑病毒病徵，經ELISA測定結果僅有1.3%（22株）與G614抗血清反應。又以TmRSV及GFLV抗血清檢定本所葡萄種源庫內呈現疑似黃斑病毒病徵的69個葡萄品系中，發現S1207、S1076、S1191等3個品系與TmRSV抗血清反應，然對GFLV抗血清並無反應。 Some virus-like disorders showing yellow mottle or yellow vein symptoms on grapevines were found in some vineyards in Taichung areas. These diseases were confirmed to be transmitted to herbaceous indicator plants by mechanical inoculation of sap. Five virus isolates were isolated from single lesions. Two isolates of them were confirmed to be a strain of tomato ringspot virus (TRSV). Spherical virus particles with a diameter of 26-30 nm were observed. Antiserum against G614 virus isolate was produced. By ELISA test in field, of 430 virus-like vine collections tested, 4%, 10.7%, 17.4% and 8.4% showed positive reaction to antisera against G614, TRSV, GFLV and GBLV, respectively, Of 1742 vines tested, 1.3% showed positive reaction to antiserum against G614. Of 69 tested lines of grapvine in TARI 3 of them (S1207, S1076, S1191) showed positive reaction to antiserum against TRSV, but all of them showed negative result to antiserum against GFLV.