台灣土傳性疫病之防治及抑病土壤
Other Title
Disease controls of soil-borne Phytophthora and their snppressive soils in Taiwan
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
33
Journal Issue
1
Pages
142-147
Date Issued
1991-03
Date
1991-03
Author(s)
安寶貞
柯文雄
高清文
Ann, P.J.
Ko, W.H.
Kao, C.W.
Abstract
經測定土壤對胞囊發芽力的影響，發現相桔疫病菌( Phytophthora parasitica, P. palmivora) ， 及甜椒疫病菌(P. capsici )之抑菌土壤在本省西部的分佈非常普遍，但並不一定十分均勻的分佈在同一塊田土中，有些抑菌土壤樣品之週邊土壤並不抑菌。所有已發現之P. capsici 抑菌土壤均為P. parasitica 及P. palmivora 之抑菌土壤，但反之並不亦然。抑菌土壤與地上部耕作物之種穎，土壤之質地、顏色似無關係。大部分抑菌土壤之酸鹼值均在pH 5.0 以下，但酸鹼值在pH 5.0 以下之土壤並不一定是抑菌土壤。大部分抑菌土壤經100℃蒸氣處理15 分鐘後，仍具抑菌性。但是抑菌土壤經KOH 調節酸鹼值在pH 5.0~8.0時，即失去抑菌性。二鹽基或三鹽基之單價陽離子磷酸鹽類有抑制疫病菌胞囊發芽之能力。
When spore germination was used to assay pathogen suppression, soils suppressive to Phytophthora parasitica, P. palmivora and P. capsici were found to be widely distributed in the western Taiwan. Soil sample collected from the same general areas showed considerable variation in pathogen suppression. These three species of Phytophthora behaved similarly in regard to sporangial germination in most of the soils tested. The degree of pathogen suppression was not correlated with soil texture, soil color or vegetation. All of the soils suppressive to P. capsici and most soils suppressive to P. palmivora and P. parasitica were with pH value lower than pH 5.0. However, some soils with pH lower than 4.0 still supported more than 80% germination of sporangia of a11 three Phytophthora species. When the pH was adjusted to 6-8 the suppressive soils tested became conducive. Most suppressive soils remained suppressive to Phytoph thora after being steamed at 100℃ for 15 min. The conducive soil became suppressive to sporangial germination when it was amended with dibasic or tribasic phosphate monovalent cation salts.
Subjects
土壤傳播
疫病
疫病菌
抑病土壤
soil-borne
Phytophthora diseases
Phytophthora spp.
suppressive soils
Publisher
中華植物保護學會
Type
journal article
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