台灣發生之馬鈴薯Y病毒嵌紋型與壞疸型系統之特性
Other Title
Characterization of mosaic and necrotic strains of potato virus Y occurring in Taiwan
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
32
Journal Issue
4
Pages
243-255
Date Issued
1990-11
Date
1990-11
Author(s)
鄧汀欽
黃秋雄
張清安
蕭芳蘭
楊佐琦
盧耀村
Deng, T.C.
Huang, C.H.
Chang, C.A.
Hsiao, F.L.
Yang, T.C.
Lu, Y.T.
Abstract
利用市售potato viruses A(PVA)、S(PVS)、X(PVX)及Y(PVY)等植物病毒酵素聯結抗體免疫分析組劑，篩檢馬鈴薯種薯時，從中偵測出來並加以分離之兩個PVY分離株，經接種於指示植物，鑑定其一為嵌紋型系統(PVY-M)，屬於PVYº系統群；另一為壞疽型系統(PVY-N)，屬於PVY N系統群。在”White Burley”及萬國士菸草(Nicotiaoa tabacum)上，PVY-M造成普通脈綠嵌紋，PVY-N則形成葉脈壞疽及黃斑病徵；兩者都不感染曼陀羅(Datura stramonium)及千日紅(Gomphrena gtobosa)；此外對番椒(Capsicum annuum)的三個供試品種，PVY-M都不感染而PVY-N會感染其中二種；對番茄(Lycopersicon esolenlum)的二個供試品種(農友209及農友301)，兩個病毒系統均造成微嵌紋；對「克難」及「卡第娜」栽培品種之馬鈴薯(Solaom tuberosum)，亦都造成嵌紋病徵。以高低速交互離心後，利用硫酸銫等密度平衡離心法，分別純化兩個病毒系統，結果可從每克N. sylvestris病葉片上純化出10.9 µg PVY-M或26.9µg PVY-N。比較兩病毒純化試料之紫外光吸收光譜，PVY-N在290 nm處有稍高之吸收值，使曲線形成一個小曲肩，而PVY-M則無此現象。SDS-膠體電泳測定兩個病毒系統鞘蛋白之分子量，分別為32.2K (PVY-M)及32.9K (PVY-N)。以純化的病毒材料分別注射白兔製備多元抗血清，並利用SDS-免疫擴散測定抗血清力價，兩者都為1/4倍，且與PVA、tobacco etch virus及健康葉汁液皆無反應；再比較兩種病毒系統之血清類緣關係，抗PVY-N血清與PVY-N及PVY-M抗原都有沈澱帶生成，兩者間無明顯差異，反之抗PVY-M血清對PVY-M及PVY-N抗原所形成之沈澱帶，兩者間出現不明顯之交叉反應(spur)。經以異源抗原交互吸收上述兩種抗血清，並純化其免疫球蛋白進行酵素聯結免疫分析，結果可明顯區別PVY-M及PVY-N兩個病毒系統。因此利用夾層抗體酵素聯結免疫分析，於1990年馬鈴薯生長期間至后里、豐原、神岡及斗南等地採集372個標本，測定其中5個為PVY-M單獨感染，21個為PVY-N單獨感染45個為兩者混合感染。
Two isolates of potato virus Y (PVY), which reactd in ELISA with PVY but not with potato virus A, S, and X phytodiagnostica kits (Boehringer Mannheim Co.), were isolated from potato plants in Taiwan. These two isolates were designated as mosaic
(PVY-M) and necrotic (PVY-N) strains of PVY on the basis of symptoms on Nicotiana sabacurn cv. White Burley and cv. Vam-Hicks. PVY-M and PVY-N induced different reactions on two pepper culitvars, chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, and Solanum demissum “A-6”, but induced similar responses on 16 other plant species tested in this study. PVY-M was considered to belong to the PVYº strain and PVY-N was the PVY N strain. Both strains were purified from infected leaves of Nicotiana sylvestris by one cycle of differential centrifugation, followed by an isopycnic centrifugation in Cs2SO4. Yields of purified viruses were 10.9 µg and 26.9 µg per gram of tissue for FVY-M and PVY-N, respectively. Ultraviolet absorption spectrum of purified PVY-N, but not PVY-M, showed a slight shoulder at 290 nm. Molecular weights of capsid proteins for PVY-M and PVY-N estimated by SDS-PAGE were 32,200 and 32,900 daltons, respectively. Antisera against PVY-M and PVY-N were separately prepared in rabbits by injecting purified virions. Both antisera had homologous titers of 1/4 and did not react with potato virus A, tobacco etch virus, and healthy plant sap in SDS-immunodiffusion tests. Antiserum to PVY-N reacted indistinguishably with antigens of both strains and their precipitin lines were fused in SDS-immunodiffusion test; reciprocally, antiserum to PVY-M formed an obscure spur between homologous and heterologous precipitin lines. By cross-absorption with PVY-M antigen, the antiserum to PVY N could discern PVY-N from PVY-M in DAS-ELISA. In 1990, 372 potato samples were collected from Houli, Fcngyuang, Shenkang, and Tounan areas and assayed by DAS-ELISA, 5 plants were found to be infected with PVY-M, 21 plants with PVY-N. and 45 plants were mixed infected with both strains.
Subjects
馬鈴薯Y病毒
嵌紋型
壞疽型
系統
血清類緣關係
potato virus Y
mosaic
necrotic strain
serological relationships
Publisher
植物保護學會
Type
journal article