臺灣地區螺旋粉蝨 (Aleurodicus dispersus)(同翅目：粉蝨科)寄生蜂之引進、增殖及釋放
Other Title
Introduction, propagation, and liberation of two parasitoids for the control of spiraling whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Taiwan
Journal
中華昆蟲
Journal Volume
20
Journal Issue
3
Pages
163-178
Date Issued
2000-09
Date
2000-09
Author(s)
Abstract
螺旋粉蝨 (Aleurodicus dispersus Russell) 為蔬菜、果樹、糧食作物、觀賞植
物、行道樹及森林等之雜食性害蟲。臺灣於1995 年12 月10 日自夏威夷引進海地
恩蚜小蜂 (Encarsia ?haitiensis Dozier) 與哥德恩蚜小蜂 (Encarsia guadeloupae
Viggiani) 各539 與40 隻，進行螺旋粉蝨之生物防治。兩種寄生蜂經室內檢疫與增
殖後，於1996 年4 月至12 月與1997 年3 月至1998 年2 月在臺灣中、南部及花
東地區，各進行寄生蜂之接種式與增補式釋放﹐總計釋放海地恩蚜小蜂57,032 隻與
哥德恩蚜小蜂66,929 隻。其中1996 年雖在寄生蜂釋放後12~24 天或3 個月內回收
到兩種寄生蜂﹐惟根據1998 與1999 年之調查，僅哥德恩蚜小蜂在臺灣立足。至於
哥德恩蚜小蜂之發生密度，1997 年9 月至12 月在番石榴上雖維持每葉0.21~0.77
個蜂蛹，但螺旋粉蝨第四齡若蟲與成蟲數由每葉0.48 隻漸升至3.19 隻。1998 年9
月至1999 年6 月在聖誕紅、欖仁、威氏鐵莧及穗狀花洋紫荊上，哥德恩蚜小蜂之密
度亦僅為螺旋粉蝨密度之0~68%，尤其在屏東縣竹田鄉公路兩旁之聖誕紅，寄生蜂
對螺旋粉蝨毫無抑制效果，聖誕紅受害嚴重。文中亦提及螺旋粉蝨及其寄生蜂大量
繁殖之流程與方法。
The spiraling whitefly (SWF) (Aleurodicus dispersus Russell), an insect
pest of vegetables, fruit trees, food crops, ornamentals, shade trees, and forests,
was first discovered in southern Taiwan in 1988. Totals of 539 adults of
Encarsia ?haitiensis Dozier and 40 adults of E. guadeloupae Viggiani were
introduced from Hawaii to Taiwan on 10 December 1995. After being screened
for three generations in a quarantine room at TARI, these parasitoids were field
released in central, southern, and eastern Taiwan. Overall, totals of 57,032
adults of E. ?haitiensis and 66,929 adults of E. guadeloupae, respectively, were
released as an inoculation from April to December 1996 and as an augmentation
from March 1997 to February 1998. These parasitoids were recovered after
about 12-24 days (except after 3 months at Wufeng) following the first release
in 1996. However, field surveys conducted in 1998 and 1999 revealed that only
E. guadeloupae had become established. Although the population density of E.
guadeloupae reached 0.21 to 0.77 pupae per leaf on Psidium guajava L., the 4th
instar nymphs and adults of SWF still increased from 0.48 to 3.19 per leaf from
September to December 1997. The population density of E. guadeloupae ranged
from 0-68% of that of SWF on Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd., Terminalia catappa
Linn., Acalypha wilkesiana Muell.-Arg., and Bauhinia racemosa Lam. from
September 1998 to June 1999. The parasitoids were found to be ineffective in
controlling SWF on E. pulcherrima along roadsides in Chutien, Pingtung Hsien.
The methods and procedures for the mass rearing of SWF and its parasitoids are
also presented in this paper.
Subjects
螺旋粉蝨
海地恩蚜小蜂
哥德恩蚜小蜂
生物防治
臺灣
Aleurodicus dispersus
encarsia ?haitiensis
E. guadeloupae
Biological control
Taiwan
Publisher
中華昆蟲學會
Type
journal article
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
index.html
Size
22.01 KB
Format
HTML
Checksum
(MD5):a5b0f9a87b5e0c8776c068237f0840d9