柑橘害蟲及蟎類綜合防治
Other Title
Integrated Control of Insect and Mite Pests on Citrus
Start Page
179
End Page
186
Date Issued
1989-12
Date
1989-12
Author(s)
羅幹成
吳子淦
Lo Kang-chen
Tze-Kann Wu
Abstract
柑橘害蟲（蟎）種類非常多，每種害蟲（蟎）各有其獨特的天敵，構成嚴密的果園生態系統，我們若能以整個生態系統為著眼點，適當的運用綜合防治，害蟲根本不易發生成災，因此綜合防治可以使我們逐漸擺脫對藥劑的依賴，維持環境生態系統的穩定，但是綜合防治涉及的理論、技術、步驟、經緯萬端，雖然目前已有很豐碩的研究成果，然而離真正的應用尚有很大的距離，目前急需加強的工作是：
(一)發展綜合防治用藥劑，這類藥劑可以長時間使害蟲（蟎）生理或行為發生改變，具有這種特性的藥劑不一定要有致命的毒性，但是可以降低害蟲（蟎）的棲韋密度，因而減少損害程度(16)。
(二)加強對二次性天敵的研究，引進二次性天敵在某種條件下可增加系統的安定性，但在其它試驗中卻證明其可提高平衡密度而得不到防治效果(1)，對土產二次性天敵而言，如何減少其加諸於一次性天敵的限制，在在都是需要突破的問題。
(三)強化天敵的保育工作，天敵保育工作是否適當，常常是生物防治成敗的關鍵，如何提供天敵棲息場所，維持適量食餌，破壞或重新建立害蟲（蟎）一次性天敵和二次性天敵之間的平衡關係，使一次性天敵能在田間維持一定數量可隨時發揮防治效果，應為重要工作。
The insect pests of citrus comprise many diverse groups, the most important of which are the aphids, scale insects, mealybugs, cottony-cushion scale, citrus psylla, leaf miner, citrus red mite, and citrus rust mite. These pests almost, invariably have a long list of parasites and predators attacking them. Biological control work on the insect pests of citrus has been under way in Taiwan since 1909, and since that time, the majority of the studies have been devoted almost entirely to the cottony-cushion scale and mealy-bugs. Recently, in order to develop a more available integrated citrus pest management program. This program involves: (1). Screening the selective insecticides that favor natural enemies, yet control the pest, or reducing the dosages of pesticides to favor natural enemies of the pest insect. (2). Increasing predation and parasitization through use of supplementary foods and kairomones where naturally-occurring biological control agents require augmentation. They can be used in conjunction with releases of natural enemies. (3). The role of the secondary parasitoids should be investigated.
Event(s)
柑橘試驗研究成果專題研討會
Proceeding of a Symposium on the Researches and Development of Citrus in Taiwan
Subjects
綜合防治
生物防治
選擇性藥劑
天敵保育
第二次天敵
integrated control
biological control
selective insecticide
augmentation
secondary parasitoid
Publisher
臺灣省農業試驗所
Type
book part
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Format
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