玉米螟赤眼卵蜂 (膜翅目:毛小峰科) 冷藏後之羽化、生殖與壽命

Abstract

玉米螟赤眼卵寄生蜂（Trichogramma ostriniae Pang & Chen）用外米綴蛾(Corcyra cephalonica Stainton）卵做為代用寄主時，雌雄蜂自卵出生至成蟲羽化之嶺育速率皆隨溫度之升高而呈直線加快。其一次迴歸之R2 值分別達0.9962與0.9930，發育臨界低溫分別為9.59℃與8.91℃。將不同日齡蜂片分別在9℃與6℃、12℃下進行冷藏試驗，結果在12℃下之較老齡蜂片於冷藏期間即陸續羽化，其餘日齡蜂片冷藏5日後之潛在寄生數亦多比6、9℃者顯著較少，因此認為12℃較不適做為冷藏溫度。6℃與9℃之冷藏效果相近，但皆有負面影響。雌成蜂壽命，經此二溫度冷藏後分別為35-63日與28-50日，皆比對照組的90日顯著減短。潛在寄生數除第6日齡在9℃冷藏結果與對照組差異不顯著外，其餘處理皆顯著減少，其中尤以第3、4、8日齡蜂冷藏者更少。可知不同冷藏溫度對蜂片冷藏後之雌蜂羽化數、壽命及繁殖有不同之影響，而進入冷藏的日齡亦是影響冷藏效果的重要因素。 The developmental rate from egg to adult of female and male parasitoids (Trichogramma ostriniae Pang & Chen) reared on rice moth (Corcyra cephalonica Stainton) eggs went up with increasing of temperature. And the R -values by linear regression were 0.9962 and 0.9930, respectively, with 9.59℃ and 8.91 ℃ for low temperature development threshold. Cold storage of various day age parasitoid cards at 6, 9, or 12℃ was conducted in this study. Result showed that 12℃ was not a suitable temperature for cold storage because the parasitoid adults could emerge successively within stored period, and their potential parasitism were mostly significantly fewer than that was stored at 6℃ and 9℃. Cold storage at 6℃ and 9℃ achieved almost similar result, but both temperatures had various negative effects. Female adult longevity were 3.5-6.3 and 2.8-5.0 days for both temperatures respectively, which were shorter than the control of 9.0 days. The potential parasitism, the 3rd, 4th, 8th day age parasitoid of both temperature treatments were especially less than that of the control, except the 6th day age parasitoid at 9℃. Apparently, different temperatures could have different effects to the adult emergence, longevity and fecundity. And the stage of parasitoid is an important factor affecting the efficacy of cold storage.