五種非洲菊斑潛蠅寄生蜂(膜翅目:釉小蜂科、小繭蜂科)對寄主齡期之偏好性

Abstract

異角釉小蜂 (Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault)) 、底比斯釉小蜂 (Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker))、岡崎釉小蜂 (Chrysonotomyia okazakii (Kamijo))、華釉小蜂 (Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood)) 及歐比繭蜂 Opius sp. 為臺灣地區非洲菊斑潛蠅 (Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)) 之本地種寄生蜂。彼等寄生蜂之產卵方式，前4 種幼蟲寄生蜂屬非共育寄生性，而幼蟲–蛹寄生之歐比繭蜂則屬共育寄生性。5 種寄生蜂中，僅4 種釉小蜂雌蜂有取食寄主行為。5 種寄生蜂雌蜂在寄生或取食時，均對寄主齡期具選擇性，尤其偏好在寄主第三齡幼蟲上產卵，但此行為僅影響非共育寄生蜂子代之雌性比。 Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault), Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker), Chrysonotomyia okazakii (Kamijo), Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), and Opius sp. are native parasitoids of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) in Taiwan. The mode of oviposition of the first four larval parasitoids is that of idiobiont species, while the larval-pupal parasitoid, Opius sp., is a koinobiont species. These parasitoids exhibit host-feeding except Opius sp. With parasitization or hostfeeding, all five of these parasitoids have host instar preference, especially preferring to oviposit on third instars. But host selection behavior affects the ratio of idiobiont female progeny only.