應用土壤資料庫於水稻精準農耕土壤肥力分佈之探討

Abstract

在行政院農業委員會農業試驗所農田進行精準農業之先驅試驗，以水稻為試驗作物，調查與評量試驗農田土壤肥力之變異與產量之相關性，利用地理統計軟體建立各試驗田區之土壤肥力分佈圖。水稻收穫後所得之產量與土壤分析、植體分析資料進行分析，以尋找土壤性質或植體性質對產量之最佳關係。整個計畫在土壤資料庫與決策系統應已有密切之結合，只要變量施肥機可以運作，精準農業之初步主體工程已大體就完成，並應可實際應用於農田肥培管理。本計畫水稻施肥之大體發展由土壤性質、土壤殘留肥力到推估調整施肥仍有極大之空間發展，應當在九十一年度前即完成最佳化施肥資訊。 A rice production system of the pilot project of precision agriculture was conducted in TART farm since the first crop of 2000. Accurate methods for assessing the spatial variability of soil, and relating it to yield quantity and quality components, must be developed and implemented. This paper describes the spatial variability of soil in the farm. Works to establish the links between the spatial variability of soil and the spatial variability of crop yield components are discussed. Soil database is combined with decision-making system in this project, if the machinery system of variable-fertilizer application will be operated, the system of nutrient management in this pilot project can be worked. Further studies of the estimation of fertilizer application rates based on soil database and plant uptake are needed. The system shall be completed before 2002.