臺灣內生菌根資源調查與種源開發

吳繼光

臺灣內生菌根資源調查與種源開發

Other Title

General Survey of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Its use in Agriculture

Journal

微生物肥料之開發與利用研討會專刊

Part Of

農業試驗所特刊第44號

Pages

131-156

ISBN

957-00-4053-X

Date Issued

1994-06

Date

1994-06

Author(s)

吳繼光

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/7190

Abstract

我國囊叢枝菌根菌資源，過去鮮有廣汎性的調查研究。二十多年來，經整理國內學者的內生菌根研究報告後，累計有48種囊叢枝菌根菌曾被記錄。這其中大多數並未被詳細描述，更惶論這些菌種的培養與保存了。臺灣省農業試驗所農化系土壤微生物研究室，自民國八十一年起，接受國科會與農委會補助，開始進行我國囊叢枝內生菌根菌資源調查，希望能於五年內對我國內生菌根菌的分布與種類有一概括性的了解，並透過此一調查能有系統地收集和培養這群有益的微生物資源。我們最終的目地在於成立我國第一座囊叢枝內生菌根菌種保存中心。經過近兩年的調查，我國囊叢枝內生菌根菌種類已累計至六十種。其中已發表的世界新種計有Glomus forinosanum, Glornus chimonoba,nbusae, Scierocystis liquidambaris, S. taiwanensis, Acaulospora taiwania, Entrophospora kentinensis等。另外亦已完成Sclerocystis屬圖鑑的製作，並已刊登於美國Mycotaxon期刊。囊叢枝內生菌根菌在臺灣的分布，受到土壤條件、耕作制度、地理位置等因素的限制。我國過去較常用的菌種是G1ornus rnosseae, Gl. etunicaturn,和Gl. fasiculatum。經過本次初部調查結果建議，除了上述常用的菌種外，在早作方面如蔥、玉米、花生等，在園藝作物如洋香瓜、菜瓜、苦瓜等，吾人可嘗試使用Glomus manihotis, Gl. intraradices, Acaulospora elegans, A. scrobiculata等菌種。至於在澎湖，似可從Glomus constrictum著手，因為這是在該區最為優勢的菌種。目前，國外已開發的內生菌根菌肥料其菌種包括G1omus intraradices,（加拿大），Gl. manihotis（南美州，哥倫比亞），Gl. mosseae, Gl. etunicatum 和Gl. occultum（日本）。 In this survey, totally 60 species of Glomalean fungi were recorded from Taiwan. Up to date, six new species, i.e., Glomus formosanum, GI. chimonobambusae, Scierocystis liquidambaris, Scl. taiwanensis, Acaulospora taiwania had been described. Moreover, the genus concept of Scierocystis was revised based on the material collected during this study and the species description of Scierocystis sinuosa was also modified. Through this investigation, we were convinced that there were wide species diversity and abundant resource of microorganisms especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Taiwan. These resources could be used in developing our own microbial fertilizers. In the past, Glomus etunicatum, Gl. fasiculatum, Gl. mosseae were used most often in experiments. However, based on the result of this survey, Gl. manihotis, Gl. intraradices, Acaulospora elegans, A. scrobiculata were recommended to the farmers growing upland crops such as, green onions, sweet potato, corn, peanut etc. For the growers in offshore islands such as the Pescaciores, Glomus constrictum was suggested to be inoculated with crops such as sweet potato, melons, since this was the dominant species on island.

Event(s)

微生物肥料之開發與利用研討會

Proceeding of A Symposium on development and Utilization of Microbial Fertilizer

Subjects

繡球菌目

菌根

微生物肥料

Glomales

Biofertilizer

Mycorrhizae

Publisher

臺灣省農業試驗所嘉義農業試驗分所

Type

conference paper

File(s)

Name

publication_no44-11.pdf

Size

8.95 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):25f6c2258ad27d75236848073530d028