香瓜健康管理生產模式之建立
Other Title
Research on Application of Biofertilizers to the Growth of Orient Melons
Start Page
49
End Page
60
Date Issued
2015-12
Date
2015-12
Author(s)
黃瑞彰
彭瑞菊
黃圓滿
黃秀雯
蔡孟旅
林國詞
鄭安秀
Jui-Chang Huang
J.C. Peng
Y.M. Huang
H.W. Huang
G .C. Lin
A.X. Zheng
Abstract
本試驗瞭解接種菌根菌對香瓜感染及苗期生育健化情形，香瓜穴盤菌根苗之田間栽培試驗，首先藉由採土樣分析土壤肥力及檢測根瘤線蟲密度，以確保土壤性狀適合栽培香瓜，並根據分析結果改善及調整施肥量。香瓜採用設施直立式栽培，施用適當肥料為基肥後整地作畦，種植時選用適合瓜類之栽培介質，並於示範區介質中拌入菌根菌，生育期間示範區進行溶磷菌處理，以強壯植株根系，幫助磷肥的吸收。試驗結果顯示示範區透過接種微生物肥料處理，可促進養分吸收，降低鈉離子吸收，與對照組比較，總產量增加25–43%，糖度無差異。另調查採收後之根圈土壤根瘤線蟲密度，示範區與對照區比較，根瘤線蟲數每100 克土壤，減少 48–118 隻；黑點根腐病罹病率於示範區為4.7%，對照區為20.3%，示範區明顯低於對照區，顯示有益微生物菌 (內生菌根菌與溶磷菌) 處理能減緩香瓜在高鹽基土壤中生育之障礙，減低土傳病害發生率且增加產量，每分地增加48,990–63,020 元收入。評估以蝦蟹殼粉做植前土壤處理、與使用10%毆殺滅粒劑農藥對香瓜根瘤線蟲防治效果之差異，結果顯示蝦蟹殼粉及藥劑處理均能在1 個月後使線蟲族群數量明顯降低，採收後調查香瓜根瘤指數，分析結果無顯著差異。從農藥減量及對土壤環境友善的觀點來說，此結果顯示使用非農藥資材防治香瓜之根瘤線蟲，確實可達到和藥劑相同的效果，提供農友更多可用的防治方法選擇性。
The purpose of the plan this year was to develop the practices of rational use of fertilizers for oriental melon cultivated in plastic greenhouse and evaluate the effective of biofertilizers on oriental melon. Cantaloupe facilities of vertical cultivation, application of appropriate fertilizer as a starter after the entire bedding, grow selection suitable for cultivation of melons media and inoculated with mycorrhiza in demonstration area, phosphate solubilizing bacteria treatment demonstration zone for growing period, with strong root and promote the absorption of phosphate fertilizer. Demonstration areas through inoculation can promote nutrient absorption, reduced sodium ion uptake, compared with the control group, yields increased 25–43%, total soluble solids not difference. If the plants were inoculated, Na+ concentration was decreased, It means that inoculated may disturb absorption of Na+. Demonstration areas compared with control districts, numbers of nematodes per 100 g soil to reduce 48–118 and reduce black root rot, increasing benefits of 48,990–63,020 NT per 0.1 ha. Evaluated control effect to root knot nematode of melon between the treatments of shrimp and crab shell powder before planting, with 10% oxamyl granules pesticide. The results showed that the population of nematode significantly decreased in a month by both two treatments. The galling index had no significant differences when survey and analysis the after melon harvest. The results in this study showed that the use of non-pesticide materials could achieve the same effect as chemical pesticides on root-knot nematode control of melon, and also provide more selectivity of prevention methods to farmers about the opinions of pesticide reduction and friendly to the environment.
Event(s)
103年度重點作物健康管理生產體系及關鍵技術之研發成果研討會
Subjects
生物性肥料
菌根菌
溶磷菌
香瓜
土傳性病害
Biofertilizer
Mycorrhiza
Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria
Oriental melon
Soil-born disease
Integrated Crop Management
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
no188-4.pdf
Size
1.65 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):2993fff9a399872c82e7639828f8b254