金柑健康管理

Abstract

定礁溪林美地區金柑吉園圃產銷班作為示範點，整合金柑栽培管理、土壤檢測及合理化施肥，病蟲害防治管理及合理化用藥等技術，推動金柑作物健康管理體系。建立金柑病蟲害施藥防治模式示範區，黑點病罹病果面積率24.8%較慣行對照區31.2%略低，疫病罹病果率為18.7%顯著較對照之28.7%為低，薊馬受害果率為70.3%較對照之64.3%為低，而銹蜱及果實蠅為害果率之84.7%及38.7%，則反較慣行之86%及31.3%為高，顯示今年年中少雨對此種害蟲較不易防治，殘留農藥合格率為100%，均較102 年之96%改善。為建立金柑磷肥施用推薦量，土壤分析結果顯示試驗田區磷、鉀含量皆較高，但土壤酸鹼度偏低，故改善重點為土壤酸鹼度改良並降低磷、鉀施肥量。比較不同整枝修剪模式下大果以上之重量百分比分別為樹冠內強剪59%、樹冠内輕度疏剪41%、僅修剪樹冠下位枝條34%及不修剪之對照組16%，故建議除修剪樹冠下位枝條外，可提高樹冠内修剪強度以增加大果比例。 The integration of cultivated techniques of Kumquat, resonable fertilizing, and pests and diseases integrated management promotes the health management production system and produces safe Kumquat fruit to protect the health of farmers and consumers. The incidence of Melanose disease, Phytophthora blight disease were 24.8%, 18.7% were lower in Kumquat pest control model demonstration area than 31.2%, 28.7% in traditional treatment area. The affected fruit by thrips, citrus rust mite, and fruit fly were not the same. But, all of qualification was 100%. The results of soil analyses indicated that the values of phosphate and potassium were higher, and the pH. value was lower. Therefore to improve the condition of soil was to moderate the soil pH. value and to lower the fertilization of phosphate and potassium. The percentage of big and over-big kumquat fruit among different canopy training models were heavy training 59%, light training 41%, only the lower canopy cutting 34%, and no cutting or training as control 16%, so we advise to increase the intensity of training to increase the ratio of big fruit.