溫度及雨量對檬果落花落果的影響

Abstract

本研究於1994年及1995年在台南玉井鄉愛文樣果園，實測園中之微氣候，並調査花果發育情形與落花落果率，藉以分析探討溫度、雨水對檬果開花結果的影響。試驗結果顯示低溫及雨水是造成懞果落花落果的重要因素。在低溫因素中，開花期間20°C以下的低溫是造成落花落果的主因，其中5°C以下的低溫所造成開花期的落花及15 °C以下的低溫所造成果長0.5公分至3.0公分生長階段的落果是最重要的兩個影響層面，而雨水對檬果落花落果的影響則不限定於花果發育的某一特定階段。 This study was aimed to investigate the influence of air temperature and rainfall during the mango flowering and fruiting period on the frequency of flower and fruit drop. Experiment was conducted in 1994 and 1995 at Yuching area with 20-year old ‘Irwin' mango trees. The result indicated that low temperature and rainfall were the important factors on flower and fruit drop. The phase most sensitive to the low temperature was flowering period. During flowering period, air temperature below 5 °C resulted in flower drop, air temperature below 15 °C resulted in fruit drop which appeared at fruit length 0.5 cm to 3.0 cm fruit growth stage. However, the influence of rainfall on flower and fruit drop was not limited at any flower and fruit growth stage.