臺灣開英種鳳梨主要系羣之分佈與特性

Abstract

(1) Since the introduction of Smooth Cayenne pineapples to Taiwan in 1922, great quantity of propagation and extension have teen carried on among growers. Now, 83% of the present 7,000 hectares of pineapples are Smooth Cayenne variety which is the leading canned pineapple in Taiwan. (2) As a result of large-scale propagation and extesion, attention was concentrated on the quantitative increasement of planting materials while selection of better seedling was neglected. Strains were mixed and inferior mutation nave been prevailed. After the restoration of Taiwan, in order to increase production of pineapple industry and improve the quality of pineapple fruits, the Department of Agriculture and Forestry. JCRR, Taiwan Pineapple Corporation and Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Station began to Cooperate to expanding the pineapple seedling selection in Taiwan. Four pineapple types of Smooth Cayenne variety were discovered in the course of the selection. (3) According to survey mode in 1953, the most wide distributed type is Collar of slips, Occupying 95.15%. Normal Smooth coronae, 4.51%, devoted eye 0.3%, Sarawak 0.04%. (4) According to the investigations mode in 194-1956, the features at collar of slips are: multiple slips, late and less suckers which influence the yield of ratoon crop, many tumors under the base of fruit. It is the recognized us a bad type. The features of normal Smooth cayenne are the reverse of the collar of slips less, slips, earlier suckers and high yield hash in fist and second crops, no tumors on the fruit, fruit size big and shape excellent, percentage of cunning is high and quality is good. It is good type. The features of elevated eye are: plant comparably drawf, fruit eye elevated, fruit stalk short, percentage of multiple crown high. The features of sarawak are: petals do not open during blossom, fruit give drum-like voice when knocked during mature, specific gravity lower than one, store powder on the fruit, The last two types bate their perfection and defect, it is, so far, difficulty to say which is better. (5) Based on the characteristics of each type, a type key has been made in order te distinguish one crest another.